Week 2 Day 1

Question 1

States of matter

Answer 1

solid

liquid

gas

Question 2

changes of state

Answer 2

freezing: liquid to solid
melting: solid to liquid
condensing: gas to liquid
boiling: liquid to gas

deposition: solid to gas

sublimation: gas to solid

Question 3

Electronegativity

Answer 3

tendancy of an atom to attrackt a bonding electron

Floride has highest EN in upper right corner

Electron with higher EN will get the chared electron more

Question 4

dipole

Answer 4

opposite charges on opposite sides of a molecule caused when two atoms have different electronegativity

Question 5

Intermolecular forces

Answer 5

• The forces between molecules
  
  • the STRONGER the forces, the less volatile the matter (e.g. higher melting and boiling points)

Question 6

Intermolecular force types- strongest to weakest

Answer 6

1. Force between permanent dipole and ion
2. Force between permanent dipoles (hydrogen bonds are special….much stronger)
3. London force- temporary dipole force between molecules. Stronger when atoms are bigger.

Question 7

hydrophilic

Answer 7

“Water loving” interactions happen with polar molecules because water is polar as well.

Question 8

hydrophobic

Answer 8

“water hating”

A polar water molecule is unable to establish association with the non polar chemical groups

Question 9

surface tension

Answer 9

tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the surface particles to one another

• Water forms a sphere b/c all the molecules are as close to each other as possible.

Question 10

Capillary action

Answer 10

Cohesion creates surface tension while adhesion attracts the liquid to the wall of the container.

Liquid moves much farther up the skinnier containers.

Question 11

Vapor pressure

Answer 11

the pressure of a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form

Question 12

Boiling point

Answer 12

liquid boils when its vapor pressure is equal to the pressure it is exposed to.

Question 13

heat of fusion

Answer 13

the energy required to melt a mle of a material

Q = ÂH-fus * m

ÂH is heat of fusion

m is mass

Q is required energy

Question 14

heat of vaporization

Answer 14

the energy required to boil a mole of a material.

Heat of vaporization is always greater than heat of fusion for all substances

Q = ÂH-vap *m

Question 15

specific heat

Answer 15

amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance.

Q = C_p * m * ÂT

C_p is specific heat

Question 16

Phase diagrams

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

tetrahedral

Question 18

Answer 18

pyramidal