Week 3: Congestion (Bolded/Underlined Terms) Flashcards
The MOA for decongestants are _____.
adrenergic agonists (sympathomimetic)
The MOA of decongestants are adrenergic agonists which:
A. stimulates _____ in the nasal blood vessels.
B. contracts _____.
C. constricts _____.
D. reduces _____ of the nasal membrane and mucous production
E. facilitates ____.
A. alpha-adrenergic receptors
B. nasal smooth muscles
C. nasal blood vessels
D. inflammation
E. breathing
The topical nasal decongestant Ephedrine is ____.
short acting (q4-6 hrs)
The topical nasal decongestant Epinephrine is ____.
short acting (q4-6 hrs)
The topical nasal decongestant Naphazoline is ____.
short acting (q4-6 hrs)
The topical nasal decongestant form of Phenylephrine is _____.
short acting (q4-6 hrs)
The topical nasal decongestant Tetrahydrazoline is ____.
short acting (q4-6 hrs)
The topical nasal decongestant Xylometazoline is _____.
intermediate acting (q8-10 hrs)
The topical nasal decongestant Oxymetazoline is ____.
long acting (q~12 hrs)
The topical nasal decongestant Neo-Synephrine is also known as ____.
Phenylephrine
The topical nasal decongestant Neo-Synephrine 12 hrs is also known as ____.
Oxymetazoline
The topical nasal decongestant Afrin is also known as ____.
Oxymetazoline
_____ is an adverse effect of taking topical nasal decongestants. It is temporary discomfort including burning, stinging, sneezing, and increase in nasal discharge.
Rhinitis medicametosa (rebound congestion)
One should limit topical nasal decongestant use to ____ due to the adverse effect of rebound congestion.
no more than 3 days
______ are alternative options to nasal decongestants and may be used for the treatment of rebound congestion.
They rehydrate the nasal mucosa and liquefy dry secretions for easier removal of dry nasal crusting during dry seasons
Hypotonic Sodium Chloride solutions:
- Ocean
- AYR
- NeilMed Sinus Rinse
_____ are the drug of choice (DOC) for pregnant women with nasal congestion.
Hypotonic Sodium Chloride solutions:
- Ocean
- AYR
- NeilMed Sinus Rinse
Systemic decongestants have a _____ than topical products because they last longer in our body.
slower onset
Sudafed PE is the systemic decongestant form of Phenylephrine with a daily max of ____ for ages 12 years and older.
60 mg
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed, Nexafed, Zephrex-D, Claritin D, Drixoral, Alavert D) is a systemic decongestant with a daily max of _____ for ages 12 years and older.
240 mg
Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE) is a systemic decongestant that is available _____.
OTC
Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed, Nexafed, Zephrex-D, Claritin D, Drixoral, Alavert D) is a systemic decongestant that is available ____.
behind the counter and dispensed by pharmacists
_____ is a systemic decongestant that is available OTC and has a daily max of 60mg.
Phenylephrine (Sudafed PE)
_____ is a systemic decongestant that is available behind the counter and has a daily max of 240 mg.
Pseudoephedrine
- Sudafed
- Nexafed
- Zephrex-D
- Claritin D
- Drixoral
- Alavert D
You must be 18 years old with a valid ID to purchase ____.
pseudoephedrine
The systemic decongestant, pseudoephedrine, contains a purchase limit of ______ /month OR _____ /day PER patient.
9 grams
3.6 grams
Traditional formations of systemic decongestants such as ___ and ____ are NOT meth-resistant pseudoephrine and would produce a yield of 505 mg of methamphetamine per box of pseudo ephedrine.
Sudafed (Pseudoephedrine)
Claritin-D (Pseudoephedrine + Loratadine)
New formations of systemic decongestants such as ___ and ____ are meth-resistant pseudoephrine and would produce a yield of 0 mg of methamphetamine per box of pseudo ephedrine.
Nexafed
Zephrex-D
The Drug-Drug interactions (DDI) with systemic decongestants such as MAO or COMT inhibitors can cause _____,
increase in blood pressure
MAO inhibitors are a drug-drug interaction with systemic decongestants and can cause increase in blood pressure. Do NOT take systemic decongestants for at least _____ after the MAOIs are discontinued.
14 days
Systemic decongestants are _____ for women who are pregnant and lactating.
category C
- only use if the benefit outweighs risk to the fetus
- use alternative agents if possible (like Ocean Spray or Afrin)
Systemic decongestants may decrease _____ and ____.
- breast milk production
- fetal blood flow
For patient counseling on systemic decongestants, tell the patient to AVOID taking ____
right before sleep because it has a stimulant effect.
instead, take it 2-3 hours prior to sleep
For patient counseling on systemic decongestants, caution patients with ____.
hypertension (HTN) because it may increase heart rate
For patient counseling on systemic decongestants, tell the patient to stop use and ask a doctor if _____.
symptoms did not improve after 7 days.
REVIEW:
_____ may cause rebound congestion.
topical nasal decongestants
systemic nasal decongestants DO not cause rebound congestion
REVIEW:
Stop use of Nasal decongestants after ____.
Stop use of Systemic decongestants after ____.
nasal: 3 days
systemic: 7 days
REVIEW:
The onset of Nasal decongestants are ____.
The onset of Systemic decongestants are ____.
nasal: fast
systemic: slow
REVIEW:
Is there DDI with MAOIs when taking Nasal decongestants?
NO
REVIEW:
Is there DDI with MAOIs when taking Systemic decongestants?
YES
Are Nasal decongestants kept behind the counter?
NO
Are Systemic decongestants kept behind the counter?
Phenylephrine: NO
Pseudoephedrine: YES
