WEEK 3: CIRCULATION SYSTEMS Flashcards
What constituents the body?
*Cells with their contents (water, electrolytes, nutrients, gases)
*Tissues (soft and hard)
*organs
The total amount of fluids and solids in the human body is approximately how many % of the human body weight in MALES and FEMALES and BABIES?
MALES
60% of body fluids, 40% solids
FEMALES
55% of body fluids, 45% solids
BABIES
80%
How much % does each of the 2 compartments make of the body fluids?
ICF: 2/3
ECF:1/3
The Body fluid has been divided into two compartments.
a. Name them.
b. How much body water ifs found in the ECF and ICF?
1.Intracellular fluid (ICF)
Inside the cells
55% of total body water
2.Extracellular fluid (ECF)
Outside the cells
45% of total body water
The ECF is divided into several compartments.
State them.
State the % each component holds of the ECF.
Extracellular fluid includes:
1.Interstitial fluid
-Present between the cells
-Approximately 80% of ECF
2.Plasma
-Present in blood
-Approximately 20% of ECF
3.Also includes:
-Lymph
-synovial fluid
-aqueous humor
-cerebrospinal fluid
State the barriers which separate:
1. ICF from surrounding interstitial fluid
2.Interstitial fluid from plasma
*Plasma membrane
Separates ICF from surrounding interstitial fluid.
*Blood vessel wall
Separate interstitial fluid from plasma.
State the Organic substances found in body fluids.
Glucose
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Hormones
Enzymes
State the Inorganic substances found in body fluids.
Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Magnesium
Chloride
Phophate
Sulphate
Name the ions abundant in the ECF.
What are their functions?
ECF
Most abundant cation - Na+,
-muscle contraction
-Impulse transmission
-fluid and electrolyte balance
Most abundant anion - Cl-
-Regulates osmotic pressure
-Forms HCl in gastric acid
Name the ions abundant in the ICF.
What are their functions?
ICF
Most abundant cation - K+
-Resting membrane potential
-Action potentials
-Maintains intracellular volume
-Regulation of pH
-Anion are proteins and phosphates (HPO42-)
What plays a major role in keeping K+ high inside cells and Na+ high outside cell?
Na+ /K+ pumps play major role in keeping K+ high inside cells and Na+ high outside cell
State the 7 Specialized Fluids of the Body.
Lymph
Milk
Cerebrospinal fluid
Amniotic fluid
Aqueous humor
Sweat
Tears
Where is the CSF found?
How many times is it replaced in a day?
How much of it is present in the system?
Characteristics
Clear, colorless liquid formed within the cavities of brain and around spinal cord
At any given time, there is 120-150ml CSF in the system
CSF is completely replaced about three times a day
State the functions of CSF.
Functions
*Hydraulic shock absorber
*Regulation of intracranial pressure
*Influences the hunger sensation and eating behaviors.
Where is the aqueous humor found?
What secretes it?
Fluid that fills the interior chamber of eye
Secreted by ciliary body, enters anterior chamber.
Blockade in the flow of aqueous humor causes glaucoma due to increased intraocular pressure.
Posterior chamber of eye is filled with vitreous humor which contains a gel (vitreous body of hyaluronic acid secreted by retina)