Week 3 - Ch 3 & 4 Flashcards
benevolent lie
a lie defined by the teller as not malicious, or even helpful, to the person whom it is told.
breadth
a dimension of self-disclosure involving the range of subjects being discussed.
cognitive conservatism
the tendency to seek and attend to information that conforms to an existing self-concept.
depth
a dimension of self-disclosure involving a shift from relatively nonrevealing messages to more personal ones.
face
the socially approved identity that a communicator tries to present. ALSO: identity management
impression management
the communication strategies people use to influence how others view them. ALSO: face.
Johari Window
a model that describes the relationship between self-disclosure and self-awareness.
perceived self
the person we believe ourselves to be in moments of candor. It may be identical to or different from the presenting and ideal self.
personality
a relatively consistent set of traits exhibited by a person across a variety of situations.
presenting self
the image a person presents to others. It may be identical to or different from the perceived and ideal self.
privacy management
the choices people make to reveal or conceal information about themselves.
reference groups
groups against which we compare ourselves, thereby influencing our self-concept and self-esteem.
reflected appraisal
the theory that a person’s self-concept mirrors the way the person believes others regard him or her.
self-concept
the relatively stable set of perceptions each individual holds of himself or herself
self-disclosure
the process of deliberately revealing information about oneself that is significant and that would not normally be known by others.
self-esteem
the part of the self-concept that involves an individual’s evaluations of his or own self-worth
self-fulfilling prophecy
an expectation of an event, followed by behaviors based on that expectation, that makes the outcome more likely to occur than would have been the case otherwise.
significant others
people whose opinion is important enough to affect one’s self-concept strongly.
social comparison
evaluation of oneself in terms of or by comparison to others
social penetration
a model that describes relationships in terms of their breadth and depth.
androgynous
possessing both masculine and feminine traits.
attribution
the process of attaching meaning to behavior. ALSO interpretation statement.
empathy
the ability to project oneself into another person’s point of view so as to experience the other’s thoughts and feelings. ALSO Sympathy
ethnocentrism
the attitude that one’s own culture is superior to others.
gender role
socially approved ways that men and women are expected to behave.
halo effect
the power of a first impression to influence subsequent perceptions.
interpretation
the process of adding meaning to sense data.
narrative
the stories used to describe one’s personal world.
negotiation
the sense making that occurs between and among people as they influence one another’s perceptions and try to achieve a shared perspective. fourth stage in the perception process.
organization
the second stage in the perception process in which selected information is arranged in some meaningful way
perception checking
a three-part method for verifying the accuracy of interpretations, including a description of the sense data, two possible interpretations, and a request for confirmation of the interpretations.
pillow method
a method for understanding an issue from several perspectives rather than with and egocentric “I’m right and you’re wrong” attitude.
punctuation
the process of determining the casual order of events.
selection
the first stage in the perception process in which some data are chosen to attend to and others to ignore
self-serving bias
the tendency to interpret and explain information in a way that casts the perceiver in the most favorable manner.
stereotyping
categorizing individuals according to a set of characteristics assumed to belong to all members of a group.
sympathy
compassion for another’s situation. ALSO empathy
