Week 3 - Ch 3 & 4

Question 1

benevolent lie

Answer 1

a lie defined by the teller as not malicious, or even helpful, to the person whom it is told.

Question 2

breadth

Answer 2

a dimension of self-disclosure involving the range of subjects being discussed.

Question 3

cognitive conservatism

Answer 3

the tendency to seek and attend to information that conforms to an existing self-concept.

Question 4

depth

Answer 4

a dimension of self-disclosure involving a shift from relatively nonrevealing messages to more personal ones.

Question 5

face

Answer 5

the socially approved identity that a communicator tries to present. ALSO: identity management

Question 6

impression management

Answer 6

the communication strategies people use to influence how others view them. ALSO: face.

Question 7

Johari Window

Answer 7

a model that describes the relationship between self-disclosure and self-awareness.

Question 8

perceived self

Answer 8

the person we believe ourselves to be in moments of candor. It may be identical to or different from the presenting and ideal self.

Question 9

personality

Answer 9

a relatively consistent set of traits exhibited by a person across a variety of situations.

Question 10

presenting self

Answer 10

the image a person presents to others. It may be identical to or different from the perceived and ideal self.

Question 11

privacy management

Answer 11

the choices people make to reveal or conceal information about themselves.

Question 12

reference groups

Answer 12

groups against which we compare ourselves, thereby influencing our self-concept and self-esteem.

Question 13

reflected appraisal

Answer 13

the theory that a person’s self-concept mirrors the way the person believes others regard him or her.

Question 14

self-concept

Answer 14

the relatively stable set of perceptions each individual holds of himself or herself

Question 15

self-disclosure

Answer 15

the process of deliberately revealing information about oneself that is significant and that would not normally be known by others.

Question 16

self-esteem

Answer 16

the part of the self-concept that involves an individual’s evaluations of his or own self-worth

Question 17

self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 17

an expectation of an event, followed by behaviors based on that expectation, that makes the outcome more likely to occur than would have been the case otherwise.

Question 18

significant others

Answer 18

people whose opinion is important enough to affect one’s self-concept strongly.

Question 19

social comparison

Answer 19

evaluation of oneself in terms of or by comparison to others

Question 20

social penetration

Answer 20

a model that describes relationships in terms of their breadth and depth.

Question 21

androgynous

Answer 21

possessing both masculine and feminine traits.

Question 22

attribution

Answer 22

the process of attaching meaning to behavior. ALSO interpretation statement.

Question 23

empathy

Answer 23

the ability to project oneself into another person’s point of view so as to experience the other’s thoughts and feelings. ALSO Sympathy

Question 24

ethnocentrism

Answer 24

the attitude that one’s own culture is superior to others.

Question 25

gender role

Answer 25

socially approved ways that men and women are expected to behave.

Question 26

halo effect

Answer 26

the power of a first impression to influence subsequent perceptions.

Question 27

interpretation

Answer 27

the process of adding meaning to sense data.

Question 28

narrative

Answer 28

the stories used to describe one’s personal world.

Question 29

negotiation

Answer 29

the sense making that occurs between and among people as they influence one another’s perceptions and try to achieve a shared perspective. fourth stage in the perception process.

Question 30

organization

Answer 30

the second stage in the perception process in which selected information is arranged in some meaningful way

Question 31

perception checking

Answer 31

a three-part method for verifying the accuracy of interpretations, including a description of the sense data, two possible interpretations, and a request for confirmation of the interpretations.

Question 32

pillow method

Answer 32

a method for understanding an issue from several perspectives rather than with and egocentric “I’m right and you’re wrong” attitude.

Question 33

punctuation

Answer 33

the process of determining the casual order of events.

Question 34

selection

Answer 34

the first stage in the perception process in which some data are chosen to attend to and others to ignore

Question 35

self-serving bias

Answer 35

the tendency to interpret and explain information in a way that casts the perceiver in the most favorable manner.

Question 36

stereotyping

Answer 36

categorizing individuals according to a set of characteristics assumed to belong to all members of a group.

Question 37

sympathy

Answer 37

compassion for another’s situation. ALSO empathy