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Geriatrics > Week 3: Adult Cognitive Development > Flashcards

Week 3: Adult Cognitive Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is focusing on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant wile ignoring others that are irrelevant. Automatic vs. effortful processing?

A

Selective attention

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2
Q

What occurs when we are required to perform two (or more) tasks at the same time and attention is required for the performance of both (all) the tasks. ?

A

Divided attention

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3
Q

What is the ability to direct and focus cognitive activity on specific stimuli; readiness to detect and respond to small changes occurring at random times in the environment?

A

Sustained attention

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4
Q

What is memory of facts and experiences that individuals consciously know and can state?

A

Explicit memory

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5
Q

What is memory without conscious recollection; skills and routines that are automatically performed (less decline than explicit)?

A

Implicit memory

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6
Q

What is ability to remember where learned something. (decreases during late adulthood)?

A

Source memory

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7
Q

What are the different forms of long-term memory?

A

episodic (better in younger), semantic (doesnt decline as bad), and explicit

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8
Q

What is the mental activity involved in successful adaptation to the changing demands of the environment?

A

IQ

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9
Q

What is the development of advanced skills and knowledge in a particularly well-practiced activity?

A

Expertise

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10
Q

Expertise is ______, not ______

A

task-specific, not transferrable

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11
Q

Is expertise immune to aging effects?

A

yes

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12
Q

What is an expert knowledge system applied to the fundamental pragmatics of life that permits exceptional insight, judgment, and advice involving the conduct and meaning of life?

A

Wisdom

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13
Q

Is there a relationship between wisdom and age?

A

no

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14
Q

Is it possible for people to learn how to be wise?

A

yes

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15
Q

_____ factors are better predictors of wisdome than _____ factors

A

personal better than cognitive

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16
Q

What condition lies between normal aging and dementia?

A

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)

17
Q

MCI is inversely related to ______.

A

years of education

18
Q

Those with MCI are at a heightened risk of developing what?

A

dementia

19
Q

What is a sudden and sometimes rapid change in mental function?

A

delirium

20
Q

Delirium develops in _____ of older adults postoperatively?

A

half

21
Q

What are some symptoms of delirium?

A

agitation (25%), hypoactive (more common), or mixed presentation

22
Q

What is Not a disease but rather a group of disorders that affect the brain and present as symptoms that commonly affect memory and language?

A

dementia

23
Q

What is the essential feature of dementia?

A

development of multiple cognitive deficits that include memory impairment and at least one of the following cognitive disturbances: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or disturbance in executive functioning

24
Q

What is the most common form of dementia?

A

Alzheimer’s

25
Q

What is is a slowly progressive disease of the brain that is characterized by impairment of memory and eventually by disturbances in reasoning, planning, language, and perception?

A

Alzheimer’s

26
Q

What are the 3 characteristic pathological changes that occur with alzheimers?

A

amyloid plaques, formation of neurofibrillary tangles (tau), and loss of connections between neurons responsible for memory and learning

27
Q

How long does early stage AD last?

A

2-4 yrs

28
Q

How long does second stage AD last?

A

2-10 yrs

29
Q

How long does last stage AD last?

A

1-3 yrs

30
Q

What is Aricept used for?

A

delay or slow effects of AD

31
Q

What is Celexa used for?

A

reduce depression and anxiety

32
Q

What is Depakote used for?

A

treat severe aggression

33
Q

What is Exelon used for?

A

delay or slow symptoms of AD

34
Q

What is Namenda used for?

A

delay or slow symptoms of AD

35
Q

What is Razadyne used for?

A

prevent or slow symptoms of AD

36
Q

What is Zoloft used for?

A

reduce depression and anxiety

37
Q

What is Trileptol used for?

A

treat severe aggression

38
Q

What is Tegretol used for?

A

treat severe aggression

39
Q

What is Remeron used for?

A

reduce anxiety and depression

Geriatrics (9 decks)

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