Week 3: Adult Cognitive Development Flashcards
What is focusing on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant wile ignoring others that are irrelevant. Automatic vs. effortful processing?
Selective attention
What occurs when we are required to perform two (or more) tasks at the same time and attention is required for the performance of both (all) the tasks. ?
Divided attention
What is the ability to direct and focus cognitive activity on specific stimuli; readiness to detect and respond to small changes occurring at random times in the environment?
Sustained attention
What is memory of facts and experiences that individuals consciously know and can state?
Explicit memory
What is memory without conscious recollection; skills and routines that are automatically performed (less decline than explicit)?
Implicit memory
What is ability to remember where learned something. (decreases during late adulthood)?
Source memory
What are the different forms of long-term memory?
episodic (better in younger), semantic (doesnt decline as bad), and explicit
What is the mental activity involved in successful adaptation to the changing demands of the environment?
IQ
What is the development of advanced skills and knowledge in a particularly well-practiced activity?
Expertise
Expertise is ______, not ______
task-specific, not transferrable
Is expertise immune to aging effects?
yes
What is an expert knowledge system applied to the fundamental pragmatics of life that permits exceptional insight, judgment, and advice involving the conduct and meaning of life?
Wisdom
Is there a relationship between wisdom and age?
no
Is it possible for people to learn how to be wise?
yes
_____ factors are better predictors of wisdome than _____ factors
personal better than cognitive
What condition lies between normal aging and dementia?
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)
MCI is inversely related to ______.
years of education
Those with MCI are at a heightened risk of developing what?
dementia
What is a sudden and sometimes rapid change in mental function?
delirium
Delirium develops in _____ of older adults postoperatively?
half
What are some symptoms of delirium?
agitation (25%), hypoactive (more common), or mixed presentation
What is Not a disease but rather a group of disorders that affect the brain and present as symptoms that commonly affect memory and language?
dementia
What is the essential feature of dementia?
development of multiple cognitive deficits that include memory impairment and at least one of the following cognitive disturbances: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or disturbance in executive functioning
What is the most common form of dementia?
Alzheimer’s
What is is a slowly progressive disease of the brain that is characterized by impairment of memory and eventually by disturbances in reasoning, planning, language, and perception?
Alzheimer’s
What are the 3 characteristic pathological changes that occur with alzheimers?
amyloid plaques, formation of neurofibrillary tangles (tau), and loss of connections between neurons responsible for memory and learning
How long does early stage AD last?
2-4 yrs
How long does second stage AD last?
2-10 yrs
How long does last stage AD last?
1-3 yrs
What is Aricept used for?
delay or slow effects of AD
What is Celexa used for?
reduce depression and anxiety
What is Depakote used for?
treat severe aggression
What is Exelon used for?
delay or slow symptoms of AD
What is Namenda used for?
delay or slow symptoms of AD
What is Razadyne used for?
prevent or slow symptoms of AD
What is Zoloft used for?
reduce depression and anxiety
What is Trileptol used for?
treat severe aggression
What is Tegretol used for?
treat severe aggression
What is Remeron used for?
reduce anxiety and depression
