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Infectious Disease > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Define passive immunization

A

Injection of purified antibody or antibody containing serum to provide rapid, temporary protection. (Also applies to how mommas grant some immunity to neonates, right?)

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2
Q

4 reasons for giving passive immunization

A

Post exposure prophylaxis
Ameliorate sx of ongoing disease
Replacement IVIG for immunodeficiency
Block action of toxins

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3
Q

vaccines provide _______ immunization

A

active

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4
Q

Live vaccines are especially helpful for this type of virus

A

enveloped

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5
Q

Live vaccines (5, technically 7)

A 
MMR
Oral polio
Smallpox
Yellow Fever
Chickenpox

Small Yellow Chickens give Oral maMMogRams (or whatever was on the slides, I don’t care)

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6
Q

Inactivated whole pathogen vaccines

A 
Inactivated polio (IPV)
Rabies
Influenza
Pertussis
Hep A

RIP IPV Hep A

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7
Q

Tdap vaccine type

A

Tetanus and Diphtheria toxoids, acellular pertussis

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8
Q

Conjugate vaccines

A

Pneumococcal
Meningococcal
HiB

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9
Q

Virus-like particle vaccines

A

Hep B?

HPV

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10
Q

Do vaccines work?

A

Yes

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11
Q

Are vaccines safe?

A

Absolutely not, they turn kids into autistic IV drug abusers with PTSD!

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12
Q

4 ways that organisms can get into the CNS

A

Direct inoculation (trauma, surgery)
Contiguous (sinuses)
Hematogenous (blood)
Neuronal (rabies creeps up your neurons from the site of the bite, that’s why it takes so long to get into the CNS. Neat, huh!?)

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13
Q

Meningitis organisms under 4 wk

A

Group B strep
E. coli
Listeria
[Neisseria gonorrhoeae (med school didn’t have this on slide, but I’ve seen it in other sources)]

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14
Q

> 4wk old meningitis organisms (3)

A

H flu (HiB)
Strep pneumo
Neisseria meningitidis

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15
Q

Empiric treatment, bacterial meningitis, less than 4 weeks

A

Ampicillin and Cefotaxime

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16
Q

> 50 years old, meningitis organisms (4)

A

H flu
Strep pneumo
Neisseria meningitidis
Listeria

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17
Q

Empiric treatment, bacterial meningitis, 4 wk to 50 years old

A

vanco + 3g cephalosporin

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18
Q

Empiric treatment, bacterial meningitis, >50 years old

A

vanco + 3g ceph + ampicillin

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19
Q

Immunocompromised bacterial meningitis organisms (7)

A 
H flu
Strep pneumo
Neisseria menin
Listeria
Gram negative rods
nosocomials
Staph
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20
Q

Immunocompromised bacterial meningitis empiric treatment

A

vanco + ceftazidime + ampicillin

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21
Q

post neurosurgery or trauma bacterial meningitis organisms

A

Staph aureus
Staph epidermis
GNR

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22
Q

post neurosurgery or trauma bacterial meningitis empiric treatment

A

vanco + ceftazidime

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23
Q

3 common organisms for chronic meningitis

A

TB
fungal
syphilis

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24
Q

One way that TB can be seen by microscope

A

cord factor (I didn’t know how to word the question, but it seems like the sort of shit that would be on a test)

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25
Most common yeast
Candida albicans
26
Common fungal pneumonia in AIDS patients
Pneumocystis jirovecii
27
fungus of tinea versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis
Malassezia furfur
28
fungal infection from rosebush thorn
Sporothrix schenckii
29
Face fucking fungus (tears up your cheek and shit)
Zygomycosis
30
Histoplasmosis is common in
the south, duh.
31
Blastomycosis is common
east of the missisip'
32
coccidiomycosis is common
in the southwest
33
histo, blasto, and coccidiomycosis initial symptoms (if any)
flu like
34
Anti TB regimen
Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol
35
Hepatotoxic TB drugs
Isoniazid Rifampin Pyrazinamide
36
TB drug that increases uric acid levels
Pyrazinamide
37
TB drug that makes your secretions orange
Rifampin
38
TB drug that blurs vision and causes color changes
Ethambutol
39
TB drug that causes neuropathy
Isoniazid
40
Preferred treatment of latent TB
Isoniazid daily for 9 months or | Isoniazid and Rifapentine weekly for 3 months
41
Normal TB treatment duration
INH and RIF for 6 months with PZA and EMB for 2 months
42
TB treatment duration with high risk of relapse (HIV)
INH and RIF for 9 months with PZA and EMB for 2 months
43
Warfarin with Isoniazid
warfarin levels increase, so does bleeding risk
44
Warfarin with rifampin
warfarin levels decrease, clotting risk increases
45
MDR TB is resistant to at least
isoniazid and rifampin
46
XDR TB is resistant to
isoniazid and rifampin and fluoroquinolone and at least 1 other option
47
Treatment for M avium or intracellulare
clarithomycin and ethambutol and maybe rifabutin for a long ass time (should be culture negative for a year per epocrates)
48
2 yeasts
Candida | Cryptococcus
49
3 molds
Aspergillius Mucorales (zygomycetes) Fusarium
50
3 dimorphic fungi
Coccidioides Blastomyces Histoplasma capsulatum
51
List some risk factors for invasive candidiasis
Broad spectrum abx, Central line, ICU, abdominal surgery, necrotizing pancreatitis, blood malignancy, transplants, dialysis, steroids, chemo
52
Amphotericin b coverage
damn near everything
53
Amphotericin B adverse effects (2 major)
``` Nephrotoxic Electrolyte abnormalities (Na, K, Mg) ```
54
Amphotericin B pretreatment (2-5)
Saline load (500 mL before and after) APAP Maybe Bennies, hydrocortisone, meperidine
55
Fluconazole doesn't cover
molds
56
Itraconazole major reaction
negative inotropic effect
57
Triazole adverse effects (3)
GI distubance Hepatotoxic Rash
58
Voriconazole adverse effects
Visual and auditory hallucinations
59
Echinocandins don't cover
Some molds, all dimorphics
60
Echinocandin adverse effects (2)
phlebitis | infusion related reactions
61
Flucytosine (or whatever) common usage
cryptococcal meningitis
62
2 major adverse effects of flucytosine
bone marrow suppression | hepatotoxic
63
Typical community acquired pneumonia organisms (4ish)
Strep pneumo H flu Moraxella cats Legionella (special risk)
64
Atypical community acquired pneumonia organisms (5)
``` Mycoplasma pneumo Chlamydia pneumo Influenza A+B Adenovirus RSV (not Rous Sarcoma Virus, the REAL RSV) ```
65
Nosocomial pneumonia common organisms (4)
MRSA Pseudomonas aerugenosa Acinetobacter baumanii E coli
66
Common aspiration pneumonia organisms (2)
Peptostreptococcus | Fusobacterium
67
Common lung abscess and necrotizing pneumonia organisms (4)
Oral anaerobes Staph aureus Strep pneumo Klebsiella pneumo
68
Chronic pneumonia common organisms (5)
``` Nocardia Actinomyces TB Non TB mycos Endemic mycoses ```
69
Endemic mycosis in the southwest
Coccidioides immitus
70
Endemic mycosis in the south
Incest. Wait, no, Histoplasmosis
71
Endemic mycosis east of the missisip'
Blastomycosis (blast up on some terries)
72
Worrisome bacteria for conjunctivitis
Pseudomonas
73
Dendritic whatnots on the cornea with fluorescein stain
Herps
74
Whatcha do if you see a herp on the tip of the nose
Git some systemic antivirals in there, and refer to ophtho
75
Leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide
ocular trachoma
76
Organism causing ocular trachoma
chlamidya
77
What's the fancy medical name for the pus-puddle in the anterior chamber of the eye
pussy eye JK, hypopion
78
hypopion is a sign of
endophthalmitis
79
endophthalmitis treatment
jam a fucking needle in their eyeball and squirt some abx in it. Also systemic abx
80
what antifungal penetrates the vitreous humor best
fluconazole
81
How to tell the difference between preseptal and postseptal orbital cellulitis
Postseptal has pain with eye movement and diplopia
82
preseptal cellulitis treatment
cephalexin
83
4 organisms for neonatal conjunctivitis
Chlamydia Neisseria gono Herpes simplex Staph aureus
84
neonatal conjunctivitis treatment
erythromycin ointment, maybe systemic abx

Infectious Disease (7 decks)

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