week 3

Question 1

What are the parts of the Central nervous system

Answer 1

Brain
Spinal cord

Question 2

What does the brain do

Answer 2

Complex behaviours and experiences

Question 3

what does the spinal cord do

Answer 3

Reflexes

Question 4

What is grey matter

Answer 4

Nerve cell bodies

Question 5

What is white matter

Answer 5

axons

Question 6

What does the brain weigh

Answer 6

1.5 kg

Question 7

How many neurones are in the brain

Answer 7

150 billion neurones and each neurone connects to 10,000 others

Question 8

What is a Gyri and the grammar rules

Answer 8

Fold
1= gyrus 2=gyri

Question 9

What is sulci and fissures and grammar rules

Answer 9

Groove and deep grooves
1= sulcus 2=sulci

Question 10

Landmarks

Answer 10

Percental gyrus
central sulcus-divides frontal lobe and parietal lobe
postcentral gyrus
sylvian fissure/lateral sulcus- divides frontal and temporal lobe

Question 11

What are all the lobes in the brain

Answer 11

Frontal lobe
parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe

Question 12

What is the cortex

Answer 12

The cortex has many layers and in each layer has different neurones
Outer surface of the brain

Question 13

What is cortical tracts

Answer 13

they are tracts in the brain that connect different lobes of the brain and to other places like corpus callosum

Question 14

What is the top of the brain called

Answer 14

Dorsal/superior

Question 15

What is the bottom of the brain called

Answer 15

Ventral/inferior

Question 16

What is the back side of the brain called

Answer 16

Posterior/caudal

Question 17

What is the front of the brain called

Answer 17

Anterior/rostral

Question 18

Cross sections of the brain

Answer 18

Coronal cut- vertical cuts in the brain
Sagittal cut-down the middle of the brain across the corpus callosum
Horizontal cut- horizontal cut of the brain

Question 19

What is in place to protect the brain

Answer 19

Ventricles: filled with cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF)
right lateral and left lateral ventricle
Third and fourth ventricle

Brain:
Skull, Dura,Mater,Arachnoid,Membrane, Pia mater all but skull can be called Meninges
Spinal cord:
Vertebra, Dura mater, Arachnoid, Pia mater

Question 20

Brain nourishment

Answer 20

Anterior cerebral artery- feeds the top of the brain
Middle cerebral artery- feeds middle of the brain
Posterior cerebral artery- feeds bottom of the brain

Question 21

What is the hind brain

Answer 21

Includes: Cerebellum, Pons, Medulla
controls: breathing, heart rate, motor control

Question 22

What is the midbrain

Answer 22

Includes: Substantia Nigra, Colliculi: superior (3) and inferior (4)
controls: sensory relay stations, motor control

Question 23

What is diencephalon

Answer 23

Includes: Thalamus, Hypothalamus
Controls: Thalamus- sensory switchboard, Hypothalamus- hormone control, sexual behaviour, hunger, thirst

Question 24

What is Basal Ganglia

Answer 24

Includes: Caudate nucleus and Putamen
Controls: voluntary motor control, learning and memory, disorders: Parkinson’s disease, Tourette’s syndrome

Question 25

What is the limbic system

Answer 25

Includes: Cingulate cortex and hippocampus and Amygdala
controls: Emotions and Memory

Question 26

What is Occipital cortex

Answer 26

Includes: optic nerve, Optic chiasm, Midbrain, Thalamus, Primary visual cortex
controls: visual cortex
Damage leads to visual agnosia

Question 27

What is Parietal Cortex

Answer 27

Controls: Attention, Spatial perception, Number processing, Mental rotation
Damage: visual neglect

Question 28

What is Temporal lobe

Answer 28

Controls: Auditory cortex, Language, Memory
Includes: Wernicke’s area(language), Hippocampus (memory),
Damage: severe anterograde and long-term amnesia

Question 29

What is frontal lobe

Answer 29

Controls: Attention, Planning, Decision making, Emotion regulation, Language
Includes: Broca’s area (language)
damage: effects planning, emotion regulation