Week 3 Flashcards
What are some Gross Motor skills for preschoolers
3-4
Walks up stairs one foot per step, skips on two feet, walks on tiptoe, pedals and steers, walks in any direction pulling a large toy
What are some Gross motor skills of 4-5 year olds
Walks up and down stair one foot per step, stands tuns and walks on tiptoe
What are some Gross Motor skills for 5-6
Skips on alternate feet walks on a line slides and swings
What are some Fine motor skills for ages 3-4
Catches large ball between outstreched arms cuts paper with scissors holds pencil between thumb and fingers
What are some Fine motor skills for ages 4-5
strikes ball with bat, kicks and catches ball, threads beads on a string, grasps pencil properly
What does a 3 year old drawing look like
Evolve from scribling to drawing and realzing that art can stand for something, some shapes are there sometimes a body is missing
What does 4-5 year old drawing look like
Starts to tell stories and more details like fingers to hands porportions are not good people are everywhere a baby might be bigger then the rest of the family
What does a 6 year old drawing look like
Set of symbols are developed sun is a circle with lines that are yellow schemes to represent objects more linear and proportional
What is lateralization
Brain functions are divided between two hemispheres
L- language, logic, math and analysis
R- intution, creativity, art/music, spatial
What is Myelinization
Of the reticular formation the brain structure that regulates attention and concentration
What is Handedness
Prefrence for one hand over another appears between 2 and 6 years of age
What are the 5 things to create normal childhood development
- Connecting
- Talking
- Playing
- Healthy Home
- Community
What is serve and return
Connecting and talking with children, copy cat games and enganing in a meaningful way
Does the type of school matter
No it only matters the piece has to do with caregiving and provides another adult and releationship that is established
What is Early Childhood Education
It is an important for a defesenes against ACES
Reducing the impact of stress
What is socio dramatic play
Playing roles, playing house create imaginary companions
What is rule governed play
5-6 years children begin to prefer rule governed pretending and formal games whoever is the smallest has to be the baby, rules are black and white, sets of rules that everyone will adhere too
What is pre-operational
Children become more proficient in the use of symbols in thinking and communicating but still have difficult thinking logically
What do preschoolers grasp about conservation
They can understanding that matter can change in appearance without changing in quanity not developed before age 5
What age can they understand that the same object can represent different things
4-5
What is the false belief principle
An understanding that enable a child to look a situation from another persons point of view and determine what kind of information will cause that person to have a false belief
What is theories of mind
Capacity to understand other and others feelings
What is the theory of mind Age 4
Basic principle that each persons actions are based on her or his representation of reality
What is the theory of mind Age 4-5
Cannot understand that others people can think about them do not understand that most knowledge can be derived from inference
What is the theory of mind for age 5-7
Understand the reciprocal nature of thought
Different people have their own thoughts about other people perspectives
How can we enchancing ToM
Pretend play, shared pretence with other children, discussion of emotion provoking event with parents
What is Metamemory
Knowledge about how memory works and the ability to control and reflect on ones own memory function
“ I forgot my waterbottle”
What is metacognition
Knowledge about how the mind thinks and the ability control and reflect on ones own thought process starting to realzie thinking
How many words do 5-6 years old now
15,000
What is reinforcement
Child rapidly forms a hypothesis about a new words meaning then uses the word often getting feedback to help them judge the accuracy of their hypothesis
What is a common speech disorder
Articulation disorder R and S and Ts are hard
Child has diffculty making certain sounds usally outgrow if peers understand then they will leave it if peers do not understand they will intervene because self-esteem will decrease
What is invented spelling
It is encourgaged spelling based on the sound they hear
Why is jolly phonics so effective in promoting learning at this age
Helps all learners
Visual
Auiditory
Kinsethetic
Uses an action
What are inflections
additions that change meaning adding ing
What is overregulatization
using rules when they don’t apply
goed
What are complex sentences
using conjuncations to combine two ideas or using embedded clauses
What is problematic about intelligence testing
There are mutiple itelligences we need to be abel to realize what we are measuring
What is numeracy
The ability to use numbers which will lead into mathematical concepts
What is the 1:1 ratio
Will just start counting wont count one person to one number
What is Erikson theory at this stage
Initiative vs Guilt-purpose
Ushered in by the ability to play
Wish to take initative
can put people into categories
What are social cognitive thoughts
Understanding rule categories
Understanding others
How important is family releationships
Most important in a preeschoolers life espically to early childhood development
What are 4 aspects of family functioning
- Warmth/ nurturance
- Clairty and consistency of rules
- Level of expectation
- Communication between parent and child
What is the authoritarian parenting style
Low in nutrance and communication but high in control and maturity demands
What is premissive parenting style
High in nutrance and low in maturity demands control and communication
What is Authoritative parenting style
High in nurturance maturity demands control and communication
What is the uninvovled parenting style
Low in nutrance maturity demands control and communication produces the most consistently negative outcomes
How many of parents are authorative
33%
What precent are authoritarian and what precent are permissve
25%
What percent are uninvovled
15%
What are canadian parents like compared to there european counterparts
More permsive
What are two main problems with identiofying effective discipline strategies
Effect- diffcult to establise the effects of discipline
Intensity- research has not concluded how intense and frequent effective discipline needs to be
Why is it hard to measure the best ways to discipline a kid
Every kid is different
Not ehtical
What is short term learning
Physical and visual stimuli
Play based learning
Relateto familiar experiences
Active participation
Praise and appproval stories
What is long term learning
Role models
Repetition
Reinforce new skills
