week 3 Flashcards
intervening
The process of intervening
Action taken to improve something
Behavioral intervention - the use of specific strategies to foster behavior change
barrier
(barrier)- any factor that prevents the behavior from occurring
actual barrier
-accessibility, resources
Environmental factors
Physical limitation
Perceived barrier
Lack of time
boredom/ lack of enjoyment
So many other psychological or veiled based barriers
Theory
A systematically organized body of knowledge applicable in a relatively wide variety of circumstances
Positive reinforcement
- Praise from an external source (e.g., coach; social media)
- Praise from an internal source (e.g., a
goal; a purpose)
Negative reinforcement
- Alleviating symptoms of psychological or physical
distress - Psychological: Anxiety; Depression; Energy
- Physical: Arthritis; Pain
Punishment
Degrading or criticizing comments during or after exercise
Pain during exercise pushing oneself too much
Extinction
Individual withdraw from exercise completely
Inaction of exercise
Self efficacy
Self-efficacy is a person’s particular set of beliefs that determine how well one can execute a
plan of action in prospective situations.
Self-efficacy is a person’s belief in their ability to succeed in a particular situation.
Often used synonymously with confidence
Self efficacy domain
General self efficacy
Exercise self efficacy
Sport self efficacy
Academic self efficacy
Past performance
The strongest of self efficacy
Experiences provide the most authentic evidence of whether one can muster whatever it takes to succeed. Success builds a robust belief in one’s personal efficacy
Vicarious experience
Seeing people similar to ones self succeed by sustained effort raises observer belief that they too posses the capabilities
Social persuasion
Receiving positive verbal feedback while undertaking a complex task persuades a person to believe that they have the skills and capabilities to succeed
Can come from external or internal source
Physiological state
- It is not the sheer intensity of emotional and physical reactions that is important but rather how they are perceived and interpreted.
- People who have a high sense of efficacy are likely to view their state of affective arousal as an energizing facilitator of performance, whereas those who are beset by self-doubts regard their arousal as a debilitation.
- Remember: What we Perceive, we Receive!
Measuring Self-Efficacy
*Strength: involves measuring the strength of the individual’s belief in his
or her ability to successfully accomplish a specific task
*Level of Difficulty or Challenge: measuring the individual’s self-efficacy
for successfully performing the task at varying degrees of difficulty
*Generality: extent of SE transfer from one task to another
*Specificity: Task SE, barrier SE, scheduling SE
Beliefs
- If you believe exercise is fun, you will partake
- If you believe exercise is important for mental health, you will partake
- If you believe exercise improves physical health, you will partake
- If you DON’T think the above, your beliefs and
motivations surrounding exercise participation will impact your action, and will most often than not, lead to inaction - NORMATIVE- Social norms; Family norms etc
- CONTROL BELIEFS –The ease or difficulty of
performing the behavior
Intentions
based on attitudes and beliefs one will wither engage or disengage in exercise and physical activity
The Self Determination Theory
3 key concepts
- types of motivation
- basic psychological needs
- social needs
what is the self determination theory
- Provides an understanding of what keeps people focused and motivated to pursue
desired behaviors
External regulation
motivated by the prize for accomplishing a goal
introject regulation
motivate by family pressure that you need to lose weigh
Identified regulation
motivated to beat your last time in the next race
integrated regulation
motivated by the fact that everyone knows you as the fit
Basic psychological needs
the satisfaction of three basic psychological needs leads to the development of more internally
Competences
Feeling like you have the skills and requirements to meet the demands of the environment
Feeling like you have mastery and control
Autonomy
Having the choice to decide what you want to do and how you will do it
People like to have a choice in their behavior and goals
Relatedness
Feeling a sense of belonging and closeness to others
We like to feel connected to other people
Importance of relationships
social context
Fulfillment of the basic psychological needs depends on characteristics of the social environment/context in which the exercise takes place
