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Ther-ex > Week 2 ROM and Stretching > Flashcards

Week 2 ROM and Stretching Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basic technique used for examination of movement and for initiating movement into a purposeful therapeutic intervention?

A

Range of Motion

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2
Q

What is the distance a muscle is capable of shortening after it’s been maximally elongated?

A

Functional excursion

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3
Q

What type of insufficiency is this: difficulty making a fist when wrist is flexed?

A

Active insufficiency

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4
Q

What type of insufficiency is this: fingers flex when wrist is extended?

A

Passive insufficiency

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5
Q

What is a motion produced by an external force, manual or mechanical?

A

Passive ROM

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6
Q

What is a motion produced by an active contraction of the muscles? self

A

Active ROM

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7
Q

What is a motion produced by a combination of external force and active muscle contraction?

A

Active Assistive ROM

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8
Q

Precautions and Contraindications to ROM Exercises

A
  1. ROM should not be done when motion is disruptive to the healing process
  2. ROM should not be done when patient’s response or condition is life threatening
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9
Q

What should you do during your examination, evaluation, and treatment planning?

A
  • determine appropriate level of ROM
  • determine safe amount of motion
  • decide the pattern of motion to best meet goals
  • monitor pt response to ROM intervention
  • document and communicate findings
  • re-evaluate and modify as possible
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10
Q

Patient prep for ROM includes what 5 things?

A
  1. Describe the intervention
  2. free the area from restriction
  3. Drape
  4. Position pt for alignment and stabilization
  5. Position yourself for proper body mechanics
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11
Q

When applying ROM, you need to support areas of ____ _____ _______.

A

Poor structural integrity

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12
Q

Move the segment through _____-_____ ______ to the point of resistance.

A

Pain-free range

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13
Q

If the patient is unable to perform ROM painfree, what should you do?

A

Choose gravity reduced or eliminated position due to muscle weakness

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14
Q

What is Continuous Passive Motion?

A
  • performed by a mechanical device that moves the joint slowly and continuously through a pre-set, controlled ROM
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15
Q

Benefits of CPM:

  • Prevents development of adhesions, contractures
  • Stimulates healing of tendons, ligaments
  • Enhances healing of incisions
    ______
    ______
    ______
    ______
A
  • Increases synovial fluid lubrication
  • Prevents degrading effects of immobilization
  • Quicker return of ROM
  • Decreases post-op pain
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16
Q

Benefits of CPM:

______
______
______
* Increases synovial fluid lubrication
* Prevents degrading effects of immobilization
* Quicker return of ROM
* Decreases post-op pain

A
  • Prevents development of adhesions, contractures
  • Stimulates healing of tendons, ligaments
  • Enhances healing of incisions
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17
Q

General Guidelines for CPM

  • Device immediately applied post-op
  • Arc of motion is adjustable
  • Rate of motion is adjustable
    _____
    _____
    _____
A
  • Duration is determined
  • PT included in off periods
  • Device is portable & battery operated
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18
Q

General Guidelines for CPM

_____
_____
_____
* Duration is determined
* PT included in off periods
* Device is portable & battery operated

A
  • Device immediately applied post-op
  • Arc of motion is adjustable
  • Rate of motion is adjustable
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19
Q

What is the purpose of ROM through functional patterns?

A
  1. assists in teaching ADLs and IADLs
  2. helps pt realize purpose and value of ROM
  3. assists in developing motor patterns
  4. promotes compliance for “meaningful” exercises
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20
Q

Exercise RX for acute stage

A

PROM 3-5 reps
within pain tolerance (surgical restrictions) several times per day

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21
Q

Exercise RX for subacute stage

A

PROM –> AAROM –> AROM: 10-15 reps with brief hold periods (3-5 seconds) within pain free range
2-3 times per day

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22
Q

Exercise RX for Chronic stage

A

AROM: >30 reps for mm re-education, maintenance of ROM, stretching to gain ROM

23
Q

What is “any therapeutic maneuver designed to increase mobility of soft tissues”?

A

Stretching

24
Q

What does stretching help with?

A

Improve ROM by elongating structures that have adaptively shortened and have become hypomobile over time

25
Q

What is dynamic flexibility?

A

Flexibility due to active movement

26
Q

What is passive flexibility?

A

Flexibility due to a passive force

27
Q

What is it called when you have limited arthrokinematic movement of a joint?

A

Hypomobility

28
Q

Which arthrokinematic movement can we help with? can we NOT help with as much?

A

We can help: glides
We CAN’T help: rolls

29
Q

What is “designated by location and position the joint is ‘stuck in’”?

A

Contractures

30
Q

What is “MT unit is adaptively shortened”?

A

Myostatic contracture

31
Q

What is “hypertonicity due to CNS lesions: CVA, TBI, SCI”?

A

Pseudomyostatic contracture

32
Q

What is “adhesions, synovial proliferation, joint effusion, osteophytes”?

A

Arthrogenic and periarticular contractures

33
Q

What is “fibrous changes in connective tissue leads to adhesions & is difficult to re-establish normal tissue length”?

A

Fibrotic contracture and irreversible contractures

34
Q

What is “purposefully stretch or mobilize certain muscles and joints while letting others become hypomobile to improve function”?

A

Selective Stretching

35
Q

What is “purposefully overstretch certain muscles or joints to increase function”?

A

Overstretching and Hypermobility

36
Q

what is manual or mechanical stretching?

A

Utilizes an external force to perform a passive stretch

37
Q

What is passive stretching?

A

No active contraction of the contractile unit

38
Q

What is assisted stretching?

A

patient assistance by themselves, machine or another person

39
Q

What is “patient performs the stretch”?

A

Self-stretching

40
Q

What is neuromuscular facilitation and inhibition?

A
  • PNF
  • Increases or decrease in muscle tone
41
Q

What are 5 interventions to increase mobility of soft tissues?

A
  1. Neuromuscular Facilitation and Inhibition
  2. Muscle Energy Techniques
  3. Joint Mobilization/Manipulation
  4. Soft Tissue Mobilization and Manipulation
  5. Neural Tissue Mobilization
42
Q

Indications for Stretching Exercises

  • Adhesions, Contractures, Scar Tissue Limit ROM
  • Potential for Structural Deformity due to limited ROM
    *Muscle Weakness, Shortening of Muscles
    _____
    _____
A
  • Part of a total Fitness Program
  • Pre and Post Vigorous Exercise
43
Q

Indications for Stretching Exercises

_____
_____
_____
* Part of a total Fitness Program
* Pre and Post Vigorous Exercise

A
  • Adhesions, Contractures, Scar Tissue Limit ROM
  • Potential for Structural Deformity due to limited ROM
    *Muscle Weakness, Shortening of Muscles
44
Q

Contraindications for Stretching Exercises

  • Bony Block
  • Non-union fx
  • acute inflammation or infection
  • Sharp/acute pain with elongation
    _____
    _____
    _____
A
  • Hematoma or tissue trauma
  • Hypermobility
  • Hypomobility provides stability or neuro-MSK control
45
Q

Contraindications for Stretching Exercises

_____
_____
_____
_____
* Hematoma or tissue trauma
* Hypermobility
* Hypomobility provides stability or neuro-MSK control

A
  • Bony Block
  • Non-union fx
  • acute inflammation or infection
  • Sharp/acute pain with elongation
46
Q

What is Elasticity?

A

Temporary change in tissue length THEN return to previous length once force is removed

47
Q

Does contractile connective tissue have viscoelasticity?

A

No, it’s only in non-contractile CT

48
Q

Non-contractile CT initially resists _____ and _____

A

Stress and Strain

49
Q

What is plasticity?

A

Permanent change in tissue length

50
Q

What is response to stretch determined by?

A

Velocity, Duration, and amount of force applied

51
Q

Muscle Spindle is (faciliatory/Inhibitory)

_____ Afferent

A

Muscle Spindle: Faciliatory
1a afferent

52
Q

Golgi Tendon Oran is (faciliatory/Inhibitory)

_____ Afferent

A

GTO: Inhibitory
1b afferent

53
Q

What are the 6 types of Connective Tissue?

A
  1. Ligaments
  2. Tendons
  3. Joint capsules
  4. Fascia
  5. Non-Contractile Tissue in Muscles
  6. Skin

Ther-ex (11 decks)

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