Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ther-ex > Week 1 Tissue Healing > Flashcards

Week 1 Tissue Healing Flashcards

1
Q

Strains mainly affect:

Sprains mainly affect:

A

Muscle

ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What kind of muscles are most commonly strained?

A

Biarticulate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Sprain

Grade 1:

Grade 2:

Grade 3:

A

Ligament stretched

incomplete tear

complete tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Subluxation vs dislocation

A

subluxation = incomplete/partial dislocation

dislocation = complete loss of anatomical relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most common shoulder dislocation direction

hip direction?

A

anterior

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

tendonitis definition

A

inflammation that can result in scarring or calcium deposits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tendinosis definition

A

a pathology of chronic degeneration without inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tenosynovitis definition

A

inflammation of synovial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tendovaginitis definition

A

inflammation with thickening of tendon sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

synovitis definition

A

inflammation of synovial membrane leading to excessive synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is inflammation of the bursa called?

A

Bursitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What bursa are most commonly inflamed

A

Subacromial

Olecranon

Trochanteric

Prepatellar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ballooning of the wall of a joint capsule

potentially due to RA

A

Ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bleeding into a joint capsule

usually due to trauma

A

Hemarthrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bruising from direct blow leading to capillary rupture and inflammatory response

A

Contusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Adhesion vs Contracture

A

Adhesion- abnormal aherence of collagen fibers
Leads to reduced elasticity of tissue

Contracture- adaptive shortening of soft tissue (muscle, skin, fascia, capsule). Leads to reduced mobility and flexibility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does a contracture affect MMT grading?

A

Still grade it through the available ROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Reflex muscle guarding vs intrinsic muscle spasms

A

Muscle guarding- in response to pain

Instrinsic muscle spasm -in reponse to local circulatory and metabolic changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Severity of tissue injury

grade 1:

grade 2:

grade 3:

A

Grade 1:Mild pain/swelling within 24 hours

grade 2: moderate pain affecting daily activity, tissues are partially torn

grade 3: near complete or complete tear or avulsion of the tissue
severe pain
later on stress to tissue is usually painless (because its already fully torn)
might see defect w/ palpatation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Myofascial Compartment syndrome

A

Increased interstitial pressure in a non-expanding myofascial compartment

results in ischemia and can cause tissue damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the endfeel called when they have pain?

A

empty end feel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The inflammation phase is approximately how long?

A

Between 0 and day 10

note: stages overlap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The proliferation phase is approximately when

A

Between day 2 and day 22

note: stages overlap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the remodeling and maturation phase is approximately when?

A

Day 14 to over a year

note: stages overlap

23
Q

What are the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation?

A

Pain
Heat
Swelling
Redness
Loss of function

24
Q

In the acute stage, what 3 processes are occuring?

A

Cellular death

coagulation: first vasoconstriction, followed by vaso dilation

phagocytosis

25
Q

What are the goals of the inflammation phase?

A

Protect area

RICE (relative rest)

Maintain PROM

Mobilize soft tissues

26
Q

What 3 processes are happening during the proliferation phase?

A

Angiogenesis- new blood vessels

Collagen formation

epiphelialization- new skin

27
Q

What stage does granulation occur?

A

Proliferation

note: this is also when formation of a scar begins

28
Q

What are the therapeutic goals during the subacute/proliferation phase

A

Controlled motion phase

develop mobile scar w/ selective stretching and mobilization

progress to AROM, resistive exercises, build endurance

29
Q

What happens at the tissue level during the remodeling/chronic stage

A

new collagen continues to increase its tissue strength for a year

excessive production of collagen can form a scar

30
Q

What are the clinical signs that someone has entered the remodeling stage/chronic stage

A

absence of inflammation

pain only after tissue resistance

31
Q

What are the PT goals for someone in the chronic phase?

A

Return to function

increase tensile quality of scar

develop functional independence

32
Q

How long does it take ligaments to heal?

A

longer than muscles

5-8 days in skin/muscles

3-6 weeks for ligament and tendon

33
Q

Normal collagen is __________

after an injury type ________ is laid down

A mature repaired ligament is ________ weaker than an injured ligament

A

type 1

type 3

30-50% weaker

34
Q

Ligament injury markers by week:

By week 3:

By week 6:

By 12 weeks:

A

Can tolerate mild tenson

can begin to resume low-load normal activities

has regained almost maximum tensile strength

35
Q

Where are tendon ruptures most common?

A

At the musculotendinous junction or the tenoperiosteal junction

36
Q

if a tendon is torn more than __% of the diameter, it needs a surgical repair

A

50%

37
Q

What heals slower, tendons or ligaments

A

tendons due to poor blood supply

38
Q

Active tension of tendons across a repair site in the first 3 weeks of a repair leads to ______________

A

poor outcome

39
Q

tendons exposed to little/no motion are ____________ than tendons exposed to limited motion at 3 weeks

A

weaker

therefore we must preform passive exercise for these tendoms (PROM)

40
Q

How does PROM help tendon repair sites

A

minimize adhesions

assists in fiber orientation

41
Q

What is the progression of exercise for surgical repairs ?

A

SLOW transition from passive -> Active assisted -> active -> resisted

42
Q

Most tendon rehab programs are how long?

A

Over 6 months, some last 1-2 years

43
Q

Muscle injury: day 2-5

what needs to happen?

A

Short term immobilization

44
Q

Muscle injury: week 2-3

A

Balance between protection of site and increasing tissue extensibility through motion

45
Q

Muscle injury: Week 4 to 6

A

Gentle AROM w/ full range is the goal

no resistance yet

46
Q

Muscle injury: 6+ weeks

A

Warm up period

Focus on endurance

can use resistance

47
Q

W/ clinical management of muscle inuries ______________ is contraindicated especially in 2 joint muscles

A

eccentric contraction or overstretch

48
Q

What is the difference between periosteum and articular cartilage

A

articular cartilage covers the joint surface

periosteum covers everywhere else

49
Q

What is wolfs law?

A

Bone is deposited in sites in response to stress

bone is aligned in such a way to efficiently withstand stress

50
Q

Dr. G says this is a test Q:

For compression fractures, these patients tolerate ____ and not _____

A

Tolerate : extension

DO not tolerate: flexion

opposite of spondylosis

51
Q

Fracture repair: inflammatory phase:

What forms?

A

lasts 1-2 weeks

Soft callus forms after one week

Hard callus forms after several weeks to months

52
Q

Fracture repair: remodeling phase

A

Fracture site is now firm and does not move

immobilizaation no longer required, but avoid excessive force to avoid deforming the fracture site

53
Q

What are the 4 phases of fracture repair?

A

Hematoma formation

fibrocartilage callus formation

boney callus formation

bone remodeling

54
Q

Fracture healing times

Children:

Adolescence:

Adults:

A

4-6 weeks

6-8 weeks

10-18 weeks

55
Q

What area of the body do fractures heal faster in?

A

UE > LE

Distal faster than proximal

56
Q

What are favorable conditions for fracture healing

A

fx to cancellous bone

adequate blood supply

fracture at end of bone

minimal soft tissue injury

fracture surface is in close proximity

no infection

Ther-ex (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions