WEEK 2 PUBLIC POLICY

Question 1

Ethics of Nursing

Answer 1

• Autonomy
• Beneficence
• Non-maleficence
• Justice

Question 2

What is autonomy?

Answer 2

• Respecting individual’s freedom to make their own decisions

Question 3

What is benefience?

Answer 3

• Acting in the best interests of the individual

Question 4

What is non-maleficence?

Answer 4

• To do no harm to the individual

Question 5

What is justice?

Answer 5

• Treating all individuals with fairness, equity, and impartiality

Question 6

Nursing Ethical Framework (7)

Answer 6

1. Promoting health and well-being
2. Promoting and respecting informed decision-making
3. Promoting justice
4. Provide safe, compassionate, competent and ethical care
5. Preserving dignity
6. Maintaining privacy and confidentiality
7. Being accountable

Question 7

What is health promotion?

Answer 7

• Process of implementing a range of social and environmental interventions
• Includes promoting healthy behaviours, creating supportive environments, encouraging healthy public policies, and enabling people to increase control over and improve health

Question 8

What are social determinants of health?

Answer 8

• Strong predictors of health than behaviours such as diet, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol use

Question 9

What are the levels of prevention? (4)

Answer 9

1. Primordial
2. Primary
3. Secondary
4. Tertiary

Question 10

What is Primordial Health Prevention?

Answer 10

• Preventing a risk factor before it has happened in the first place

Question 11

What is Primary Prevention?

Answer 11

• Prevent disease or injury before it occurs, risk is already there
• Preventing exposure to hazards, altering behaviours, increasing resistance to disease or injury
• Ex. Banning/controlling hazardous material, immunization, education about healthy behaviours and safe habits

Question 12

What is Secondary Prevention?

Answer 12

• Reduce impact of disease or injury
• Screening and early detection and treatment to stop or slow progress
• Ex. Screening tests, low dose aspirin to prevent further heart attacks

Question 13

What is Tertiary Prevention?

Answer 13

• Aims is to soften the impact of ongoing illnessor injury that has lasting effects
• Management of long term complex health problems
• Ex. Treatment, rehabilitation, health management

Question 14

What is health policy?

Answer 14

• Defines a vision, decisions, plans and actions, of societal health care goals
• Outlines priorities and expected roles
• More specific to who, what, when

Question 15

What is healthy program?

Answer 15

• Plan of action aimed at accomplishing clear health care goals
• Details of who, what, when, resources
• Addresses aim of the health policy

Question 16

Why is it important to learn about health policy? (3)

Answer 16

• Informs our actions
• Defines our roles and scopes as nurses
• Understanding policy allows us to change policy

Question 17

What influences public policy? (5)

Answer 17

• Ideology of government
• Previous policy decisions
• External pressures
• Pressure from civil society
• Changes in the population

Question 18

What are characteristics of policies with the biggest impact?

Answer 18

• Ones that target political, cultural economic, environmental contexts
• Macro social policies, large social scale rather than those focused on individuals or small groups
• Think of SDH instead at individual level, SDH have the biggest impact

Question 19

What is intersectionality?

Answer 19

• How different identities interact
• Realizing that people have multiple layers of identity