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2000 > WEEK 1 INTRO TO COMMUNITY HEALTH > Flashcards

WEEK 1 INTRO TO COMMUNITY HEALTH Flashcards

1
Q

What is Community?

A
  • Group of people who live, learn, work, and play in an environment at a given time
  • Can be defined by place, beliefs or interests, or virtual communities
  • Shared set of beliefs, values, experiences, geographically
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2
Q

What are community functions?

A
  • Necessities that sustain day-to-day livelihood
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3
Q

What are community dynamics?

A
  • Support community functions through effective communication, leadership, and decision making
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4
Q

What are the features of social justice? (3)

A

1. ETHICAL: Social justice approaches tend to be concerned with the ethical use of power in health care.

2. UNIQUE: Social justice approach tends to view persons relationally as unique, connected to others, and interdependent; that is, vulnerable and unequal in power.

3. EVERYDAY: Social justice tends to elicit concern for issues of everyday life and not primarily with crisis issues.

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5
Q

What are the approaches to health promotion?

A
  • Biomedical
  • Behavioural
  • Social Environmental
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6
Q

What is the biomedical approach to health?

A
  • Treat disease with medications and medical diagnostics. May not consider the “why”. Ex, Blood pressure management
  • Medication, not the only approach, a downstream approach
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7
Q

What is behavioural approach to health?

A
  • Focuses on the behaviours of individuals.
  • Often use social marketing strategies to change behaviour. Not often effective for some age groups
  • Puts the onus on the individual
  • Ex. Quit smoking
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8
Q

What is social environmental approach to health?

A
  • Focuses on the social environment communities are situated in
  • Environment they live in, isn’t conducive of where they live in
  • Ex. Community gardens, those who are hypertensive don’t have access to healthy foods, creation of support groups, bike trails encouraging
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9
Q

What are the levels of the Social-Ecological Model (SEM)? (5)

A
  • Individual
  • Family (Relationship), Interpersonal
  • Community
  • Institutions
  • Society
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10
Q

SEM Individual Level

A

Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, self-efficacy

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11
Q

SEM Interpersonal Level

A

Family, peers, societal networks, social media

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12
Q

SEM Community

A

Organizations & services, collaboration, environment, norms, standards, bylaws

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13
Q

SEM Institutions

A

Rules, regulations, policies & informal structures

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14
Q

SEM Society

A

Provincial & federal policies and laws to regulate/support healthy actions

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15
Q

What is the Health Belief Model?

A
  • Reasons people are ready to act
  • Has 6 components
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16
Q

What are 6 components of the Health Belief Model?

A
  1. Perceived susceptibility
  2. Perceived severity
  3. Perceived benefits
  4. Costs outweigh the benefits Precieved barriers
  5. Exposed to factors that prompt action
  6. Confident they can successfully perform the action required
17
Q

What is Critical Social Theories?

A
  • Deals with power differences, forms of oppression
  • Exposes oppressions, goal is to liberate individuals from conscious and unconscious constraints
18
Q

What is Habermans 5 core assumptions (Critical social theories)

A
  1. No knowledge is ahistorical, value neutral, or outside of human consciousness
  2. All knowledge is mediated by socially and historically mediated power relations
  3. Every form of social order involves power relations
  4. Truth claims are not separated from values
  5. To overcome these challenges we must examine, explain, and critique social order
19
Q

What is Marginalization?

A
  • Being on the peripheral based on their identities, associations, experiences, and environments
  • Groups having limited access to needed resources
  • Group can be ignored, trivialized, rendered invisible and unheard, perceived as inconsequential, de-authorized, ‘other’
20
Q

What are the causes of Marginalization? (4)

A
  • Differences in resources
  • Geography
  • Power imbalances
  • Beliefs/practices that don’t align with privileged Western empirical standards
21
Q

What is the difference between overt and covert marginalization?

A
  • Overt ex. police profiling
  • Covert ex. marginalizing coloured toys for children
  • Overt is purposeful deliberate actions
  • Covert subtle
22
Q

What are the roles of community health nurses? (3)

A
  1. ADDRESS Use the community health promotion process in primary health care, to address health inequities
  2. LEADERSHIP Demonstrate leadership, advocate for importance of population focused health promotion
  3. TOOLS Use community participatory tools to engage community stakeholders and pop. groups to address community healthy needs
23
Q

What are community health nurses standards of practice? (8)

A
  1. Health promotion
  2. Prevention and health protection
  3. Health maintenance, restoration, and palliation
  4. Professional relationships
  5. Capacity building
  6. Health equity
  7. Evidence informed practice
  8. Professional responsibility and accountability

2000 (11 decks)

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