Week 2 (epithelial cells) Flashcards
what are the four primary tissue classes
- Epithelial
- Muscle
- Nervous
-Connective
Identify the diagram
What are the two layers of epithelium
- Basal lamina (in red) (made by epithelial cells)
- Reticular lamina (yellow) (secreted by connective tissue cells)
Classified by arrangement of cells into layers (draw and define)
1) Simple: One cell thick
2) Stratified: Multi cell layers thick
3) Pseudo-stratified: single layer of cells (nuclei found at different levels)
Identify
Classified by shape of surface cells
1) squamous = flat
2) cuboidal = cube-shaped
3) columnar = tall column
4) transitional = shape varies with tissue stretching
Microvilli
Microvilli: Increase the surface area for re-absorption (rigid)
Cilia
Cilia: Aids the movement of fluids (non-rigid)
Simple squamous cells (location and function)
Location: The lungs, lining of the heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels
Function: semi-permeable, secretes lubricating substance
Simple cubodial
Location: Ducts, secretory portions of glands in kidneys
Fucntion: absorbs, secretes muscus and enzymes
Simple colmunar
Location
1) ciliated: bronchi, uterine tubes, uterus
2) Smooth: digestive tract, bladder
Function: secretes muscus; cilia moves mucus
pseudostratified columnar
Location: lining of the trachea, upper respiratory tract
Function: Secretes mucus; cilia move mucus
Stratified squamous
Location: lining of esophagu, mouth, vagina
Function: Protection from abrasion
Stratified cubodial
Location: sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands
Fucntion: Protective tissue
Stratified columnar
Location: Male urethra, glandualr ducts
Function: secretes, portects
Transitional
Location: lining of the bladder, urethra, ureters
Function: Expansion and stretch of organs
What are the two types of glands
Exocrine glands and Endocrine glands
Exocrine glands
- Cells that secrete (sweat, ear wax, saliva, digestive enzymes)
onto body surfaces or into body cavities - Connected to the surface by tubes (ducts)
2) Endocrine gland
- Secrete hormones which move into the bloodstream or lymphatic
fluid to travel to target organs - Often called ductless glands
Merocrine
Exocrine gland: Merocrine gland secrete their product by exocytosis ( sweat glands and the salivary glands.)
Holocrine
The entire secretory cell ruptures, releasing secretions and dead cell fragments (sebaceous glands of the skin and the meibomian glands of the eyelid)
Osmosis:
The movement of water [SOLVENT (a fluid)] from an area of high concentration an area of high concentration to a low concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.
Diffusion
The movement of [Solute: iron] from an area of high concentration to low concentration
A red blood cell was placed into a solution that was isotonic, hypertonic or hypotonic. what is the affect on the cell and why
Hypertonic: High concentration in the red blood cell 2% NaCI (moves
Isotonic: Similar Equilibrium 0.9% NaCI
Hypotonic: Low concentration in the red blood cell 0% NaCI
What are the different type of CAMs: Cell Adhesion Molecules
Tight Junctions:
Desmosomes:
Gap Junction:
What are the different types of muscle
skeleton muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
Two type of Connective Tissue Proper
1) Loose connective tissue; supports structures that it surrounds
2) Dense Connective tissue: highly fibrous (collagen)’ little vascularization; reinforces and binds structures
what are the specialised connective tisssues
1) Cartilage
2) Bone
3) Blood
skeleton muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
skeleton muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
skeleton muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle
Description of the fibres, voluntary?, Location?
Idenitfy the tissue types associated with the structure/function
