Week 2, Drugs for Pain Flashcards
Pain due to damage to injury to tissues is what type of pain?
Nociceptive pain
Pain due to damage to the nerves is what type of pain?
Neuropathic pain
Burning, shooting, and numbing pain is what type of pain?
Neuropathic pain.
Sharp, throbbing, and aching pain is what type of pain?
Nociceptive pain
dull, throbbing, aching pain in the abdominal area is what kind of pain?
Visceral pain
Sharp, throbbing pain in the bone, tendon, joints and ligaments is what type of pain?
Deep Somatic pain
Sciatica and Carpal Tunnel would be examples of what kind of pain?
Neuropathic pain
Substance P is the name of a what?
Neurotransmitter
What is substance P thought to be responsible for?
Receiving the pain message, and sending it up the spinal column to the brain
What neurotransmitter is thought to receive the pain signal?
Substance P
Where does Substance P send the pain signal?
Up the spinal column to the brain
A group of neurotransmitters that try to interrupt or modify pain information are called what?
Endogenous Opioids
What do Endogenous Opioids try to do?
Interrupt or modify the transmission of pain.
Endorphins, dynorphins, enkephalins
are examples of what?
Endogenous Opioids
What is an example of an Endogenous Opioid?
-Endorphins
-Dynorphins
-Enkephalins
Opioids are Morphine-like substances that are responsible for treating what?
Moderate to severe pain
Opiates are naturally occurring opioids. Opioids are what?
naturally OR synthetic.
Finish this sentance:
“All Opiates are Opioids…”
“…But not all opioids are opiates.
What are the strictly naturally occurring opioids called?
Opiates
What are examples of naturally occurring opioids?
-Morphine
-Codeine
What are examples of synthetic opioids?
-Hydrocodone
-Oxycodone
Morphine and Codeine are what type of Opioids?
Opiates; Naturally occurring.
Hydrocodone and oxycodone are what type of opioids?
Synthetic opioids
What are the 3 types of Receptors for opioids?
Mu, Kappa, and Delta
For pain, which of the opioid receptors are the most important?
Mu and Kappa
Opioid agonist drugs stimulate which opioid receptors?
Mu and Kappa
Opioid Antagonist drugs block which opioid receptors?
Mu and Kappa
Delta opioid receptors are more tied to what element of the pain experience?
The Emotional Affective experience
What is the Mechanism of Action for an Opioid Agonist?
To bind with Mu and Kappa receptor sites
What is the primary use for an Opioid Agonist?
Relieve moderate to severe pain
What is an example of a prototype opioid agonist?
Morphine is a prototype opioid agonist.
What is Percocet an example of in regard to receptor binding?
An Opioid Agonist
respiratory depression, sedation, nausea, and vomiting are adverse effects of what receptor binding drug class?
Opioid Agonist
What are some adverse effects of an Opioid Agonist, such as morphine?
-Respiratory depression
-Sedation
-Nausea
-Vomiting
What do opioid antagonists do?
Block opioid activity.
What is an emergency opioid antagonist used to treat an opioid overdose?
Naloxone (Narcan)
What does Naloxone (Narcan) reverse in a patient?
Respiratory depression; Overdose symptoms.
What opioid antagonist drug is used to treat symptoms of opioid toxicity, addiction, and overdose?
Naloxone (Narcan)
What action will mixed agonist-antagonists take towards an opioid receptor?
They will bounce in and bounce out.
How do agonist-antagonist effects compare with strict opioid agonists?
Agonist-antagonist opioids will have a lesser pain-relieving response, but will also have less adverse effects, such as a lesser chance of addiction.
Which type of opioid will have less pain-relieving effects, but simultaneously less adverse effects?
Agonist-Antagonist opioids
What are 3 things that a nurse should monitor when a patient is using an Opioid agonist medication, like Morphine?
-Respiratory Status
-Urine output to check for Retention
-Bowel movements to check for constipation
What kind of opioid analgesic would be used to treat mild to moderate pain, fever, and inflammation?
Non-opioid analgesic.
Did I get ya’ with that one?
What type of analgesic would be used in Neuropathic pain?
An Adjuvant analgesic
A patient is experiencing throbbing and pulsating pain localized in their head. The patient reports feelings of nausea and has recently vomited. What is the patient experiencing?
A Migraine headache.
Triptans and Ergot Alkaloids are used for treatment of what?
Migraine headaches.
