Week 2 Contraception Flashcards
Which methods of birth control needs a prescription?
A. Birth control pill B. Contraceptive patch C. Cervical cap D. Diaphragm E. All of the above
E. All the above
Other methods that require a prescription include the vaginal ring, intrauterine device (IUD), Implanon (contraceptive implant), and injectable forms of contraception. Male and female condoms and spermicides don’t need a prescription.
What do male condoms offer that other forms of birth control do not?
A. Least chance of failure
B. Best protection against STDs
C. Cheapest to use
D. All of the above
B. Best protection against STD
Except for abstinence, latex condoms provide the best protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as AIDS and herpes.
Besides the condom, which is another barrier method of birth control?
A. Diaphragm
B. IUD
C. Withdrawal
D. Sterilization
A. Diaphragm
The diaphragm is available by prescription. It prevents sperm from entering the uterus and causing them to die in the acidic vagina
Diaphragm reduces transmission rates of chlamydia and gonorrhea but not viral STI’s
Which type of intrauterine device (IUD) is available?
A. Copper B. Titanium C. Hormonal D. A and C E. All of the above
D. A and C
Two types Hormonal and Copper.
IUD Copper is effective for up to 10 years and the hormonal IUD must be replaced every 5 years.
The hormonal IUD may help decrease menstrual pain and bleeding. Although the IUD is convenient, it offers no protection against STDs and may contribute to pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. The IUD usually is not recommended for women who have not had a child.
Which of these is a possible side effect of birth control pills?
A. Nausea B. Irregular bleeding C. Headaches D. All of the above E. None of the above
D. All the above
Other common side effects are breast tenderness and depression and decrease with time.
Birth control pills are taken daily to be effective. They provide the hormones estrogen and progestin - preventing ovulation and make the womb less receptive to pregnancy.
Birth control pills do not protect against STDs.
Women > 35 with comorbidities should talk with their healthcare provider before taking birth control pills. These forms of contraception may increase the risk for heart disease, high blood pressure, and blood clots.
Which of these methods of sterilization is permanent?
A. Tubal sterilization/occlusion
B. Vasectomy
C. A and B
D. None of the above
C. A and B.
In women, the fallopian tubes are cut, tied, burned, or clipped. Any of these methods prevents the eggs from traveling from the ovaries to the uterus.
In men, the vas deferens is cut so that sperm cannot mix with semen.
Both methods are permanent forms of birth control.
True or False
Using hormonal contraceptives can cause irregular bleeding, headaches and increased
risk of blood clots?
A = True
Most oral contraceptives contain an estrogen and a progestin (synthetic progesterone). Estrogen and progesterone have many effects on a woman’s body.
They are the hormones that sustain pregnancy and, when given in the form of birth control pills, imitate pregnancy, thereby preventing pregnancy.
These hormones also increase the levels of clotting factors and are assumed to be responsible for women’s increased risk of blood clots during pregnancy.
What is the Fertility Awareness Method?
A. Hormone IUD
B. Natural Contraception free of chemical contraceptives
C. Female Condom
D. Planned Pregnancy
B. Natural Contraception free of chemical contraceptives
It focuses on educating women around her cycle: to avoid unprotected sex during the ovulation period.
3 principles of Fertility Awareness
Question 1/3.
Knowing how long after ovulation an egg can survive?
A. 12 - 24 hours
B. 24 - 36 hours
C. 48 + hours
A. 12 - 24 Hours
From IVF research, maximum ovum survival is believed to be 24 hours but successful fertilisation appears to be much less likely beyond 12 hours.
3 principles of Fertility Awareness
Question 2/3.
How long sperm can survive in the Vagina?
A. 6 hours
B. 12 hours
C. 6 - 7 days
D. 5 days
A. 6 Hours
Sperm normally survives no more than 6 hours in the vagina.
However, sperm survival in the cervical, uterine and tubal fluid also appears very variable. Sperm can survive for up to 5 days and in some cases, fertilisation can occur 6 - 7 days after ejaculation
3 principles of Fertility Awareness
Question 3/3.
What changes can be detected in a women’s body at ovulation?
We see an increase of _____ celsius post ovulation. There are changes in the amount and character of _____ approaching and post ovulation. The ______ also changes position and ______ signally the start of the fertile period.
A. 0.2 - 0.6; mucus; cervix; texture
B. 1 - 2; mucus; cervix; texture
C. 0.2 - 0.6; texture; cervix; mucus
D. 1 - 2; cervix; mucus; texture
A. 0.2 - 0.6; mucus; cervix; texture
We see an increase of 0.2 - 0.6 celsius post ovulation. There are changes in the amount and character of mucus approaching and post ovulation. The cervix also changes position and texture signally the start of the fertile period.
What is not a contraindication for use of a disphragm?
A. Congenital abnormalities (septate vagina) B. Uterovaginal prolapse C. Recurrent UTI D. > 6 weeks post-partum E. PHx of Toxic Shock Syndrome
D. > 6 Weeks Post-Partum
The cervical cap, diaphragm, and sponge can be used starting 6 weeks after childbirth when the uterus and cervix have returned to normal size. If you used a diaphragm or cervical cap before childbirth, you should be refitted after childbirth
What is not correct regarding the contraceptive implant - Impanon NXT?
A. Stops Ovulation via hormones
B. Makes fluid at uterus opening thicker, blocking sperm
C. Contains Etonogestrel only
D. Contains both Etonogestrel and Progesterone
C. Contains Etonogestrel only
NXT contains etonogestrel, and progesterone-like hormones
Thus stopping ovulation and makes the fluid at the opening to the uterus (womb) thicker, stopping sperm from getting through.
What is the mode of actions for Intrauterine Devices?
A. Initiating an inflammatory response B. Prostaglandin levels increases C. Imped ova movement into the uterus D. All the above E. None of the above
D. All the above
Primary Mechanism - block fertilisation by producing an intrauterine environment that is spermicidal through initiating a sterile foreign body inflammation response -> increase in white cell numbers in endometrium and tubal fluid
An IUD that is toxic to sperm and blastocyst is made from which material?
A. Stainless Steel
B. Titanium
C. Copper
D. Hormone Covered IUD
C. Copper
In women using copper devices the copper has additional effects:
- contributes to the increase in prostaglandin production
- inhibits various enzymes
- stimulates changes in cervical mucous
- it is toxic to sperm and blastocyst
- it may also enhance the inflammatory response
