Week 2 - Contemp Cinical Psychology Flashcards
What are some activities of clinical psychologists?
- Assessment
- Intervention
- Research
- Clinical supervision
- Administration
What’s kind of evaluations are made in an assessment?
Evaluating psychological functioning
Diagnostic – provide a CONCISE statement about the nature of a person’s
disorder or dysfunction
Cognitive and/or neuropsychological – intellectual functioning, executive functioning, organic pathology
School-based – academic and learning
Personality – how one views themselves and the world
Relationships – marriage, parenting, family system
Organizational – companies, team functioning
Therapeutic considerations – identifying treatment needs and interventions
What’s involved in an assessment?
REFFERAL question and rational for the assessment
BACKGROUND information and description of the problem
May include psychological TESTING and their results
May include PSYCHOLOGICAL diagnoses
Formulation or CASE conceptualization
RECOMMENDATIONS that address the referral question
Intervention may include what kind of services?
- Individual therapy
- Group therapy
- Family/couples therapy
Psychologists during intervention can use “________-_______, _________ etc…” orientations
Cognitive-behavioural; psychodynamic
What might be included in prevention?
Focus on REDUCING risk factors to prevent an illness or enhancing protective factors
(risk factors are those that increase the likelihood of something happening)
PROTECTIVE factors work to mitigate something from occurring
Prevention work often occurs in the community in the form of EDUCATION programs
What are the 2 types of consultations?
- Clinical:
- OFFERING OPINION and research information to colleagues - Organizational:
- PROVIDING INFORMATION and advice to the development, implementation, and evaluation of programs or policies
What’s involved in research?
CONDUCTING research studies & experimentations
EVALUATION of the program
UTILIZING to be able to deliver appropriate services
STAYING INFORMED on research
Psychologists can teach and uni and college, at the “_____________&___________” levels
Undergraduate; graduate
What does an administration position look like in psychology?
PARTICIPATING in boards, committees, and other groups
Being involved in HIRING processes, taking on management positions
LEADERSHIP positions, such as Discipline leader, Chief Psychologist, Director
***If in private practice, then scheduling, accounting, payroll may all be required
Clinical psychologists can be employed…?
Universities
Hospitals
Communities/mental health clinics
Private practice
Correctional settings
Schools
Clinical health psychology use the “_______________”
Biopsychosocial model
What are some clinical health psychology areas?
(Understanding & looking how the mind, body and behaviour interact in health & disease)
Pain
Cardiology
Internal medicine
Oncology
Transplant
Insomnia
What does clinical neuropsychology include?
Have SPECIALIZED knowledge and training in the applied science of brain- behavior relationships
Employs psychological, neurological, or physiological methods to evaluate patients’ cognitive and emotional strengths and weaknesses
Viewed as a SPECIALITY area requiring formalized training and speciality practice guidelines
Work in settings such as hospitals, rehabilitation clinics, outpatient clinics, universities, private practice
Works with disorders such as developmental, brain injuries, cognitive impairment, dementia
What are the knowledge requirements to practice clinical neuropsychology?
Neuroanatomy, physiology, pharmacology
Development psychology
Clinical/neuropsychology intervention techniques
Neuropathology
Neuropsychological assessment
How do clinical neuropsychology assess patients?
Assess multiple neurocognitive and emotional functions
• intellectual functions;
• academic skills (e.g., reading, writing, math);
• receptive and expressive language skills (e.g., verbal comprehension, fluency, confrontation naming);
• simple and complex attention;
• learning and memory (e.g., encoding, recall, recognition);
• visuospatial abilities;
• executive functions, problem-solving and reasoning abilities; and
• sensorimotor skills.
***assessments should also include measures designed to assess personality, social-emotional functioning, and adaptive behavior
Clinical neuropsychology may “________” into “________ ______” regarding Impact of neuropsychological functioning on behaviour or criminal responsibility, return to work/worker’s compensation domain, and civil suits regarding injuries such as memory
Crossover; forensic areas
What is the definition of forensic psychology?
Application of psychological knowledge in the criminal justice and legal system
What are the knowledge requirements needed to practice forensic psychology?
Criminal justice/legal systems
Risk management
Risk assessment
Criminal behaviour
Application of psychological principles within the federal and provincial legal systems
How do forensic psychologists assess, intervene and consult?
Assess:
- generally people who are in the the criminal justice system
Intervene:
- address criminal behaviour, address mental health issues
Consult:
- providing education to stakeholders
What are the 4 ethical principles outlined outlined by the Canadian Psychological Association’s Code of Ethics?
I: Respect for the Dignity of Persons
II: Responsible Caring
III: Integrity in Relationships
IV: Responsibility to Society
Why is it important for clinical psychologists to stay healthy?
How do they do this?
Not immune
Exposed to suffering and stressors
Ethical responsibility to ensure own issues do not interfere
Credible model of coping
————————————————————————————-
Balance
Priorities
Consultation
Time management
What are 3 models of training in clinical psychology?
- Science practitioner (PhD)
-most common - Clinical scientist (PhD)
-research focused - Practitioner scholar (Psy.D)
-less focused on research
What’s research & an internship look like in clinical psychology training?
RESEARCH:
-MA + PhD or PsyD vs combined masters and doctorate • Large single study, versus series of smaller studies
INTERNSHIP:
-2000 hrs full time in an accredited setting
“____________” is a protected title, which means it is “__________” by a body of psychologists
Can this vary?
Psychologist; regulated
***BUT THIS CAN VARY FROM PROVINCE—>PROVINCE (some may require PhD some may only require a masters)
There is an “________ ____” for licensure/registration
Annual fee
What does the “Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP)” cover?
Biological
Cognitive-affective
Social-cultural
Growth-life span
Assessment & diagnosis
Treatment, intervention, prevention & supervision
Research methods & statistics
Ethical/Professional/Legal
What was the “Mutual Recognition Agreement 2001 & 2004”?
Agreement between ten provincial licensing association, plus government of NWT
Core competencies:
Interpersonal relationships
Assessment & Evaluation
Consultation & intervention
Research
Ethics
Supervision
***Still bound by provincial standards
What are 4 important things to know for applying to graduate schools?
- Start process now
- Do your research
- Know your timelines
- Practice self-care
What are 6 more tips for applying to graduate school?
Determine what your interests are and get experience to confirm
Narrow down areas of interest and broad- based research ideas
Research schools and professors
Email/visit professors and their grad students
Find out if those professors are accepting students
Find out academic cut- off scores
Where do you start for applying to graduate school?
Application package online
GRE/GRE psych scores
Statement of interest
CV
Transcripts
Reference letters
What is the “GRE” test?
THE GRE REVISED GENERAL TEST FEATURES QUESTION TYPES THAT CLOSELY REFLECT THE KIND OF THINKING YOU’LL DO IN GRADUATE OR BUSINESS SCHOOL.
- VERBAL REASONING — MEASURES YOUR ABILITY TO ANALYZE AND EVALUATE WRITTEN MATERIAL AND SYNTHESIZE INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM IT, ANALYZE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG COMPONENT PARTS OF SENTENCES AND RECOGNIZE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG WORDS AND CONCEPTS.
- QUANTITATIVE REASONING — MEASURES PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITY, FOCUSING ON BASIC CONCEPTS OF ARITHMETIC, ALGEBRA, GEOMETRY AND DATA ANALYSIS.
- ANALYTICAL WRITING — MEASURES CRITICAL THINKING AND ANALYTICAL WRITING SKILLS, SPECIFICALLY YOUR ABILITY TO ARTICULATE AND SUPPORT COMPLEX IDEAS CLEARLY AND EFFECTIVELY.
What should your “statement of interest” include?
Why you are interested in this particular grad school and working with the specific supervisor
• Your general areas of research
• Match your research to your experience
• If you want to include personal information – make sure it is appropriate
***Write it and re-write it and re-write it and send it to others for review
Applying to graduate school, “___ ____” treat it like a “_________”
DO NOT; resume
Focus is on educational, clinical, and research experience
Includes awards, research projects, grants, publications
Experience that is clinically relevant
What are some important notes about transcripts?
Should be from a Ph.D. professor
If you are using a community reference – try for a registered PhD psychologist
Make connections with your professors
• Honour’s advisor, lab supervisor
Ask well in advance
Provide them with information about you, your interests, and which schools you are applying to
Clinical psychologists often rely on the basic assumption of a “____________ _________” to guide their clinical practice
Theoretical orientation
What is accreditation?
A process designed to ensure that training programs maintain standards that meet the profession’s expectations for the education of clinical psychologists
What is licensure?
Regulation to ensure minimal requirements for academic and clinical training are met and that practitioners provide ethical and competent services; regulation of the profession helps to ensure the public is protected when receiving services
VARY from country to country
In most jurisdictions (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Newfoundland, and Labrador, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick), those with a “________ ______” can be registered as “__________”
Masters degree; psychologists
In British Columbia, Manitoba, and Ontario, the title “psychologist” is reserved for those with “____________” and the title “psychological associate” is used for those with a master’s degree
Doctorates
What is comorbility?
When a person receives diagnoses for TWO or more disorders at the SAME point in time
