Week 2 - Bioecological model of development Flashcards
Who developed the Bioecological model of development?
Bronfenbrenner
How many stages are in the Bioecological model of development and what are their names in order
5 (Not including the child in the centre)
- Microsystem
- Mesosystem
- Exosystem
- Macrosystem
- Chronosystem
Why is there a child in the centre of the Bioecological model?
The child is at the centre of the model, and it acknowledges that a child affects and is affected by the settings they spend their time. The most important setting for them is with their family because that’s where they spend the majority of their time.
Bioecological model
Microsystem
Define
Examples
Elements
Microsystem
The interactions and relationships between the child/adolescent and all elements of the microsystem: • Parents/caregivers • Grandparents • Siblings • Friends • Educators • Pets • Technology • Toys and educational resources
Elements of the Microsystem
A child’s development is determined by what they experience in these settings. For example:
• Is someone showing them appropriate ways to behave?
• Is someone talking and reading with them?
Is someone providing materials for them to play with?
Bioecological model
Mesosytem
Define
Examples
Elements
Mesosystem
The interactions and relationships between and among all elements of the microsystem: • Parents/caregivers • Grandparents • Siblings • Friends • Pets • Technology • Toys and educational resources
Elements of the Mesosystem
The number and quality of the connections also have important implications for their development.
• Do their parents communicate well with each other?
• Do their parents/caregivers and teachers communicate with one another often?
Do they have similar expectations of him?
(Parents interacting with each other:
If yes, chances are the child is likely to benefit from seeing this positive interaction, which can contribute towards healthy emotional and social development and so on
If the parents are constantly bickering:
Likely to have a negative impact on the child’s social and emotional development and wellbeing, and their cognitive development and achievements may be impacted because they can be distracted about what’s happening at home.)
Bioecological model
Exosystem
Define
Examples
Elements
Exosystem - proximal processes, have direct influences on a persons development
Social settings that the child/adolescent is not directly involved in but nevertheless indirectly impacts their learning and development:
• Parent’s workplace
• School policies
• Mass media (e.g. covid, choices to make like schooling)
• Community services (e.g. caregiver struggling with mental health issues)
Elements of the Exosystem
- Are the parents/caregivers able to financially support their child?
- Does their workplace allow for flexible working arrangements?
- Can they take time off work?
- What school policies are in place to help support their child’s needs?
- What community services are available to them?
(The pay check and work policies have an indirect impact on the child’s emotional, physical, cognitive and social wellbeing)
Bioecological model
Macrosystem
Define
Examples
Elements
Macrosystem
The larger society in which the person lives: • Customs • Beliefs • Laws • Shared cultural beliefs
Elements of the Macrosystem
• What laws are in place to protect the rights of a person? (e.g. the right to an education, laws to protect students being abused)
• What are the person’s cultural values and beliefs?
What customs are they familiar with and how do these impact their development?
Bioecological model
Chronosystem
Define
Examples
Elements
Chronosystem
Different events affect people over time
• Time
• Place
Elements of the Chronosystem
• What events has the person experienced and how have these impacted their development?
What situational factors have occurred that are also likely to impact a person’s development
Bioecological model
What is the difference between the Microsystem and the Mesosystem
Difference between the two is that the Microsystem involves the interactions that take place between the person and the people in their immediate environment, whereas the Mesosystem involves the interactions that take place between 2 or more people in the children’s immediate environment. That interaction he argues has an impact on the child’s development
Define the Bioecological model of development (Bronfenbrenner, Week 2)
Urie Bronfenbrenner’s theory, describing the nested social and cultural contexts that shape development.
Every person develops within a microsystem, inside a mesosystem, embedded in an exosystem, all of which are a part of the macrosystem of the culture and are affected by the chronosystem.
Define: Assimilation
week 2
Fitting new information into existing schemes.
Define: Attachment
week 2
Strong emotional bond a child has with a parent or other significant adult.
