Week 12 - Emotional and Social development

Question 1

How many dimensions of temperament are there in Thomas and Chess’ theory

Answer 1

9

Question 2

List and provide a brief explanation for each dimension of temperament

1. AL
2. R
3. D
4. A/W
5. A
6. A.S/P
7. IoR
8. ToR
9. QoM

Answer 2

1. Activity level:
   - High or low activity of the child
2. Rhythmicity
   - Regular or irregular feeding, toilet
3. Distractibility
   - Distractable or not distractable when doing work
4. Approach/Withdrawal
   - Positive or negative towards an activity
5. Adaptability
   - Adaptive or not adaptive in response to others
6. Attention span/persistence
   - Long or short to tasks
7. Intensity of reaction
   - Intense or mild to situations
8. Threshold of responsiveness
   - Low or high to loud noises
9. Quality of mood
   - Positive or negative when left alone

Question 3

According to Bowlby, how may phases of attachment are there?

Answer 3

4

Question 4

List and provide a brief explanation of each of these phases of attachment (Bowlby)

Answer 4

1. Pre-attachment phase
   - From birth to 6 weeks
   - Do not show any attachment to caregiver
2. Attachment-in-making phase:
   - 6 weeks - 6-8 months
   - Recognition of caregivers
3. Clear-cut attachment phase:
   - 6-8 months to 18 months-2 years
4. Formations of reciprocal relationships phase

Question 5

Provide an explanation of delayed gratification

emotional and social development, week 12

Answer 5

The ability to postpone an immediate gain in favour of greater and later reward

Question 6

Thomas and Chess’ theory
Temperament

Define
Explain

Answer 6

The basic way an individual responds to the environment, including their associated emotional states.

Question 7

8 emotional competence skills

Answer 7

1. Awareness of your own emotions
2. Ability to read emotions in others
3. Ability to talk about emotions appropriately
4. Capacity for empathy and sympathy for others
5. Knowing that outward emotional expression may not match inner feelings in yourself or others
6. Capacity to cope with negative emotions and manage stress in adaptive ways
7. Awareness that relationships are defined in part by how emotions are expressed
8. Capacity for emotional self-efficacy

Question 8

Social skills

3 Macro and micro

Answer 8

Micro:

• Posture
• Eye contact
• Social distance or space

Macro:

• Joining in
• Gaining attention
• Listening to others

Question 9

Bowlby’s Ethological Theory of Attachment

4 phases/stages

Answer 9

Pre-attachment phase
Attachment in the making
Clear-cut attachment
- Formation of a reciprocal relationship