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Pharm 2 > Week 2 Adrenergic And Adrenergic Blockers > Flashcards

Week 2 Adrenergic And Adrenergic Blockers Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenergic blockers

A
  • deal with parasympathetic system

- neurotransmitter is acetylcholine

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2
Q

Alpha-1 receptor

A 
-heart:increases force of contraction
•vasoconstriction=⬆️ BP
-pupil dilation 
-decrease saliva 
-increase bladder relaxation 
-increase prostrate contraction
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3
Q

Alpha-2

Inhibits the release of norepinephrine

A
  • decreases blood pressure(vasodilation)

- decreases gastric motility and tone

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4
Q

Beta-1

A
  • increases HR and force of contraction

- kidney increases renin&angiotensin=⬆️BP

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5
Q

Beta-2

A
  • bronchial dilation
  • decreased GI tone and motility
  • promotes uterine relaxation
  • activates glycogenesis in liver which raises blood sugar
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6
Q

Alpha-1 receptors location

A

-blood vessels, eyes(pupil dilation, bladder, prostate

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7
Q

Aloha-2 receptor location

A
  • located in postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings
  • when stimulated they inhibit the release of norepinephrine
  • leading to a decrease in vasoconstriction
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8
Q

Beta-1 receptor location

A
  • heart and kidneys

- increased heart contraction, increased heart rate

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9
Q

Beta-2 receptor location

A
  • found mostly in smooth muscle of lungs, GI tract, liver, uterine muscle.
  • lungs:bronchodilation
  • decreases peristalsis
  • activation of glycogenesis
  • decreased uterine contraction
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10
Q

Inactivation of neurotransmitters

A
  1. Reuptake
  2. Enzyme degradation
    - MAO &COMT 2 enzymes that inactivate norepinephrine
  3. diffusion away from transmitter
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11
Q

Direct acting sympathomimetics

A

-directly stimulate epinephrine and norepinephrine

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12
Q

Indirect acting sympathomimetics

A
  • amphetamine

- stimulates neurons to produce more neurotransmitter

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13
Q

Mixed acting sympathomimetics

A
  • both direct and indirect

- stimulates the adrenergic sites and stimulate the release of norepinephrine from terminal nerve ending

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14
Q

Epinephrine(adrenalin)

A
  • class: sympathomimetic,adrenergic agonists
  • acts on: alpha-1,beta-2,beta-2
  • quick onset, short duration of action
  • contraindicated by cardiac dysrhythmias and pregnancy
  • TE treat: allergic reaction, anaphylaxis, bronchospasm
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15
Q

Dopamine

A
  • alpha-1 increases BP
  • beta-1 increases HR

-typically used after cardiac arrest to stimulate heart

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16
Q

Phenylphrine (neo-synephrine)

A
  • OTC allergy spray
  • alpha 1 only
  • benefit IV: increases BP without increasing HR
  • if overused as nasal spray you get rebound congestion and causes a systemic response increasing BP
17
Q

Adrenergic

A
  • deal w/sympathetic nervous system

- neurotransmitter is epinephrine

18
Q

Norepinephrine (levophed)

A
  • synthetic form that only stimulates alpha-1 and Beta-1(increased BP,HR)
  • used in treatment of shock
  • potent vasoconstrictor
  • antidote is regitine
  • given IV
19
Q

Pseudo ephedrine(sudafed)

A
  • stimulates alpha-1 and beta-1

- decongestant

20
Q

Terbutaline (brethine)

A
  • stimulates beta-2

- relaxation of uterine muscle

21
Q

Albuterol(Proventil)

A
  • selective beta-2
  • bronchodilation
  • wide therapeutic range
  • at high doses can stimulate beta-1
  • given po,SR,neb, or inhaler
22
Q

Common adrenergic side effects

A 
Hypertension
Tachycardia
Palpating
Urinary retention 
Dysrhythmias 
Pulmonary edema
23
Q

Nursing actions with adrenergics

A
  • assess vitals,urine output, breath sounds
  • correct hypotension before giving
  • if extravasation occurs use regitine
24
Q

Adrenergic blockers(sympatholytics)

A

-drugs that block the effects of the adrenergic transmitter

25
Q

Tamsulosin(Flomax)

A
  • alpha-1 blocker(increases urine)

- se:hypotension

26
Q

Doxazosin(cardura)

A
  • alpha-1 blocker

- decreases BP

27
Q

Atenolol(tenormin)

A
  • class:beta-1 blocker
  • treats hypertension by decreased HR which decreases blood pressure
  • contraindication: bradycardia, heart block, bronchospasm
28
Q

Lol

A

Beta blocker

29
Q

Beta blockers

A
  • cause vasodilation
  • treat hypertension,angina, tachyarrhythmias
  • prevent migraines, glaucoma, and acute anxiety reaction
  • adverse reactions: bradycardia,bronchospasm, arrhythmias
30
Q

Adrenergic blocker teaching tips

A
  • check pulse daily and report if under 60
  • do not suddenly stop taking
  • loss of libido
  • avoid OTC medications
31
Q

Physostigmine

A

Antidote for atropine

Pharm 2 (21 decks)

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