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Human Anatomy > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

vertebral column

A 
cervical vertebrae
thoracic vertebrae
lumbar vertebrae
sacrum
coccyx
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2
Q

parts of the vertebrae

A 
vertebral body
pedicle
lamina
transverse processes
spinous processes
vertebral foramen
articular processes
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3
Q

what goes through vertebral foramen

A

spinal cord

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4
Q

how many cervical vertebrae do you have

A

7

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5
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae do you have

A

12

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6
Q

how many lumbar vertebrae do you have

A

5

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7
Q

what is the sacrum made up of

A

5 fused vertebrae

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8
Q

what is the coccyx made of

A

4 fused vertebrae

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9
Q

what is a intervertebral disc

A

unit of articulating material that separates the vertebral bodies of adjacent vertebrae
hold vertebral bodies together

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10
Q

what does the intervertebral disc resist

A

compression

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11
Q

parts of an intervertebral disc

A

nucleus pulposus

annulus fibrosis

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12
Q

nucleus pulposus

A

pulpy middle

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13
Q

annulus fibrosis

A

rings surround the nucleus pulposes

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14
Q

ligaments on vertebrae

A

ligamentum flavum
interspinous ligaments
supraspinous ligaments

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15
Q

ligamentum flavum

A

connects lumina

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16
Q

interspinous ligaments

A

between spinous processes

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17
Q

supraspinous ligaments

A

along top of spinous processes

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18
Q

what do the ligaments of the vertebrae do

A

connect adjacent vertebrae along their posterior side

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19
Q

intervertebral foramen

A

hole from side that spinal nerves poke out of

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20
Q

what ligaments run along vertebral bodies

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

anterior longitudinal ligament

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21
Q

what movement happens at the vertebral column

A

flexion
exentsion
lateral flexion
rotation

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22
Q

what bones are attached to the vertebral column

A

ribs, sternum

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23
Q

what is the sternum made of

A

superior- manubrium
middle- body of the sternum
inferior- xyphoid process

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24
Q

what ribs are the floating ribs

A

ribs 11 and 12

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25
Q

what connects rib to sternum

A

costal cartilage

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26
Q

what does ribs articulate with

A

2 adjacent vertebrae and portion of transverse process

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27
Q

costotransverse joint

A

where rib meets transverse process

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28
Q

how to number ribs

A

rib is the same at the vertebrae below it

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29
Q

movements at thoracic joint during inspiration

A

bucket handle

pump handle

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30
Q

bucket handle move

A

up and out

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31
Q

pump handle move

A

sternum moves forward anteriorly and upward superiorly

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32
Q

bones of upper limb

A

humerus, scapula, clavicle

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33
Q

ligaments of clavicle and scapula

A 
interclavicular ligament
sternoclavicular ligament
coracoacromial ligament
costoclavicular ligament
coraclavicular ligament
transversehumeral ligament
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34
Q

2 parts of coraclavicular ligament

A

trapezoid

conoid

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35
Q

interclavicular ligament

A

clavicles together

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36
Q

sternoclavicular ligament

A

sternum and clavicle

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37
Q

coracoacromial ligament

A

coracoid and acromion

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38
Q

costoclavicular ligament

A

1st rib to clavicle

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39
Q

coracoclavicular ligament

A

coracoid to clavicle

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40
Q

transversehumeral ligament

A

2 tubercle on proximal end of humerus

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41
Q

trapezoid portion of coracoclavicular ligament

A

larger and lateral

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42
Q

conoid portion of coracoclavicular ligament

A

narrower and medial

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43
Q

what type of joint is the glenohumeral joint

A

ball and socket

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44
Q

can the glenohumeral joint move around quite freely

A

yes

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45
Q

what does the rotator cuff muscle do for glenohumeral joint

A

surround joint, help to hold in place,

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46
Q

what way does the glenohumeral joint typically dislocate

A

inferiorly

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47
Q

bursa

A

fluid filled cavity that help to provide cushioning

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48
Q

large bursa in glenohumeral cavity

A

subacromial

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49
Q

movement in the shoulder joint

A

extension, flexion, abduction, adduction, lateral extension, lateral flexion, medial rotation, lateral rotation

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50
Q

how many planes are there motion in the glenohumeral joint

A

all 3

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51
Q

bones of the forelimb

A 
humerus
ulna ( medial, pinky side), radius (latera, thumb side)
8 carpals
5 metacarpals
5 digits
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52
Q

trochlea

A

pulley

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53
Q

what type of joint is the elbow

A

hinge joint

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54
Q

how many planes does the elbow joint have movement in

A

1 plane

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55
Q

what type of movement does the elbow have

A

flexion and extension

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56
Q

what reinforces the elbow

A

bone

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57
Q

what ligaments are on the side of joints

A

collateral ligaments

58
Q

what does the lateral radial collateral ligament connect to

A

annular ligament

59
Q

annular ligament position

A

attaches to ulna and wraps around head of radius,

60
Q

what does the annular ligament doe

A

holds the head of he radius in place

61
Q

medial unlar collateral ligament

A

attaches ulna to humerus

much larger and broader than lateral collateral ligament

62
Q

carpal bones

lateral to medial,

A

proximal- scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium, pisiform

distal- trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, humate

63
Q

joints around the carpals and metacarpals

A

radiocarpal joint
midcarpal joint
carpometacarpal joints

64
Q

movement at the wrist joint

A

flexion, extension, radial and ulnar deviation,

65
Q

where does supination and pronation occur

A

radioulnar joints proximal and distal

66
Q

metacarpophalangal joint (mcp)

A

metacarpal to phlange

67
Q

proximal interphlangeal joint (pip)

A

proximal phalange to middle phalange

68
Q

distal interphalangeal joint (dip)

A

middle phalange to distal phalange

69
Q

anterior hand

A

palmer

70
Q

posterior hand

A

dorsum

71
Q

what do collateral ligaments to

A

reinforce joint

72
Q

movement at the fingers

A

flexion, extension, hyperflexion,

abduction and adduction at mcp

73
Q

thumb movement

A

opposition, reposition

74
Q

origin

A

doesn’t move

75
Q

insertion

A

moves

76
Q

extrinsic muscle

A

originates, but goes some where else

77
Q

intrinsic muscle

A

originates and stays in same place

78
Q

superficial back muscle

A

connect upper body to trunk

79
Q

intermediate back muscle

A

superficial respiratory muscles

80
Q

deep back muscle

A

support structure of vertebral column and move the spine

81
Q

superficial back muscles

A

trapezius, lattisimus dorsi, rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapulae

82
Q

intermediate back muscles

A

serratus posterior inferior, serratus posterior superior,

83
Q

prorioception

A

sensing location and state of parts of the body

84
Q

what are the deep layers of the back intrinsic or extrinsic

A

intrinsic

85
Q

1st deep layer of back muscles

lateral to medial

A

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis thoracis

86
Q

2nd deep layer of back muscles

A

semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores

87
Q

what does multifidus and rotatores do

A

rotate the vertebral column

contralateral rotation

88
Q

contralateral rotation

A

muscle on one side of body contracts, rotates part of body connected in opposite direction

89
Q

ipsilateral rotation

A

muscle pulling rotates body the same side

90
Q

intercostal muscles are where

A

between ribs, connect and expand ribcage

91
Q

what are the 3 layers of intercostal muscle

A

external, internal, and inner most

92
Q

where do intercostal nerves and blood vessels run between

A

internal and innermost layers of intercostal muscles

93
Q

what direction does the external layer of intercostal muscle run

A

pocket, \/

94
Q

what is the external layer of intercostal muscle used for

A

inspriation

95
Q

what direction does the interanl layer of intercostal muscle run

A

superstar /\

96
Q

what is the internal layer of intercostal muscle used for

A

expiration

97
Q

what diretion does the inner most layer of intercostal muscle run

A

superstar /\

98
Q

what is the inner most layer of intercostal muscle used for

A

expiration

99
Q

diaphragm

A

very flat muscle, separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity
has holes that facilitate things going through

100
Q

does the diaphragm contract or relax during inspiration

A

contracts and flattens

101
Q

does the diaphram contract or relax during expiration

A

relaxes

102
Q

abdominal muscles

A

rectus abdominus
external obliques
internal obliques

103
Q

rectus abdominus

A

either side of the center of anterior part of abdomen

104
Q

what is rectus abdomninus made of

A

layers of muscles separated by tendinous bands, which forms gaps between muscle bodies

105
Q

external obliques muscle orientation

A

pockets \/

106
Q

internal obliques muscle orientation

A

parallel to transverse plane –

107
Q

deep abdominal muscle

transverse abdominus muscle orientation

A

superstar /\

108
Q

arm muscles

A

pectoralis major

pectoralis minor

109
Q

what do arm muscles do

A

connect sternum to ribs to appendicular skeleton

110
Q

what do extrinsic back muscles do

A

insert/ move humerus or scapula

111
Q

posterior elbow muscle

A

triceps brachii,

112
Q

posterior elbow muscle do what movement

A

extenstion

113
Q

anterior elbow muscles

A

biceps brachii, brachialis

114
Q

anterior elbow muscles do what movement

A

flexion

115
Q

what are the forearm muscles prefominantly

A

extrinsic hand muscles

116
Q

what side of the forearm are flexor muscles

A

anterior

117
Q

what side of the forearm are the extensor muscles

A

posterior

118
Q

flexor

A

flexor

119
Q

pollicis

A

thumb

120
Q

digitorum

A

other digits but thumb

121
Q

carpi

A

hand

122
Q

superficial

A

superficial

123
Q

profundus

A

deep

124
Q

longus

A

long

125
Q

brevis

A

short

126
Q

extensor

A

extensor

127
Q

digiti minimi

A

pinky

128
Q

adductor

A

adducts

129
Q

abductor

A

abducts

130
Q

opponens

A

opposition

131
Q

carpal tunnel

A

bounded by carpals and flexor retincaculum

132
Q

what runs through carpal tunnel

A

tendons and median nerve

133
Q

carpal tunnel syndrom

A

compression on tendons in carpal tunnel cuases compression on median nerve

134
Q

deep anterior muscles that pronate arm

A

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

135
Q

muscles that supinate arm

A

supinator, biceps brachii

136
Q

thenar

A

go to thumb

137
Q

hypothenar

A

go to pinky

138
Q

interossei

A

between metacarpals-

abduct and adduct

139
Q

how many dorsal interossei

A

4

140
Q

how many palmar interossei

A

3

141
Q

how many lumbricals

A

4

142
Q

what do lumbricals do

A

flex mcp joint, extend pip and dip joints

Human Anatomy (20 decks)

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