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BI488- Invertebrate Conservation > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does benthic mean?

A

“on the bottom”

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2
Q

what are benthic macroinvertebrates

A

wide variety of organisms that live on the bottom of lakes, ponds and rivers

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3
Q

what are some characteristics of class gastropoda

A

snails and limpets, highly mobile, contain radula

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4
Q

what are some characteristics of class bivalva

A

clams and mussels, no radula, filter feeders

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5
Q

T or F: gastropods and bivalves live in saltwater

A

F; freshwater

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6
Q

what distinguishes the chonchifera clade

A

posess a shell

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7
Q

one of the earliest animals to invade the land are predicted to be _____

A

snails

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8
Q

what indicates mollluscs originated in the sea?

A

fossil evidence

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9
Q

what is contained in the head-foot region of mollusc

A

feeding and locomotor organs

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10
Q

what is contained in the visceral mass of the mollusc

A

digestive, circulatory, respiratory and reproductive organs

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11
Q

the mantle cavity in the mollusc usually houses the ____

A

gills/lung

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12
Q

in most molluscs, the mantle secretes a _____ over the visceral mass

A

shell

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13
Q

what is an odontophore

A

supporting cartilage that the radula sits on top of

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14
Q

what is the periostracum

A

outer organic layer of the shell, composed of conchiolin

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15
Q

what is the inner narceous layer

A

next to the mantle in molluscs, laid down in thin layers and becomes thicker with age

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16
Q

how are pearls formed in molluscs

A

when small objects get caught within the mantle, the nacre secretes mucous in and secretes a peal to reduce irritation

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17
Q

what is torsion

A

twisting of the viscera

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18
Q

when does torsion occur in moluscs

A

in the embryonic stage, anus gets twisted towards the anterior side

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19
Q

what is a disavantage of torsion in molluscs

A

anus comes out the mantle cavity where the lungs are, this can have complications

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20
Q

What is the difference between Oligochaeta and Hirudinea

A

Oiligochaetes have setae, leeches have suckers

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21
Q

what is a characteristic that all annelids share (ancestral state)

A

parapodia: small paddle like assemblages

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22
Q

what is a chractersitic that all Oligochaeta and Hirunida share

A

Clitellum: larger part of the body that contains the organs

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23
Q

what are setae?

A

small hairs, anchors that help push them through the soil in order to prevent backwards movement

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24
Q

what are some characteristics of class Hirudinea

A

dorso-ventrally flattened, posterior sucker, parasitic and predatory forms, not all are parasites nor do all drink fluids

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25
Q

all Hirudinea have exactly ___ segments

A

34

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26
Q

T or F: most leeches are freshwater

A

T

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27
Q

class hirudinea lack distinct ______ departments

A

coelomic

28
Q

what is the suphylum hexapoda

A

class insecta

29
Q

what is the class malacostracta

A

crayfish and shrimps

30
Q

what is the class ostracoda

A

seed shrimps

31
Q

what is the class brachiopoda

A

fairy shrimps, cladocerans (daphnia)

32
Q

what is the subclass copepoda

A

important zooplanktons~

33
Q

what are two characteristics that all arthropods share

A

compound eye, chintinous exoskeleton with articulated appendages, need ot shed their exoskeleton to grow

34
Q

what is a distinct chracteristic between hexopoda and crustacea

A

shared derived DNA sequences

35
Q

what is the order hemiptera

A

“true bugs”, piercing sucking mouth parts

36
Q

what is the order diptera

A

flies and mosquitoes, complete metamorphasis

37
Q

what is metamorphasis

A

complete larval form to adult form

38
Q

what is the order odonata

A

dragonflies and damselfies; aquatic nymphs, flying adults

39
Q

what is the difference between anisoptera and zygoptenra

A

Anisoptera-dragonflies
Zygoptera-damselfies
when dragonflies are at rest their wings are spreadout, dansleflies at rest are vertical

40
Q

what is ephemeroptera

A

mayflies,

41
Q

what order is a good indicator of water quality

A

mayflies

42
Q

what is the order trichoptera

A

caddis flies, construct nets and cases

43
Q

what is hte order plecoptera

A

stone flies, 1-4 years as a nymph, 1-4 weeks as an adult

44
Q

what is the order megaloptera

A

dobson flies

45
Q

what is the order isopoda

A

pill bugs!!

46
Q

T or F: Arthropods usually have 2 body segments

A

T

47
Q

what are some arthropod body plan characteristics

A

visible segmentation, usually one pair of appendages in each segment

48
Q

what is a disadvantages of the arthropod body plan

A

when they molt they are at risk of predation and damage

49
Q

what is the role of the procuticle in arthropods

A

to control moisture loss

50
Q

what are some characteristics of the subphylum chelicerata

A

6 pairs of legs, no mandibles, get their name from their feeding appendages, chelicerae, have pair of pedipalps- sensory function

51
Q

what are some characteristics of the subphylum crustacea

A

only primarily aquatic arthropod group, 2 body segments, contain carapace, extrashell over the front half of the body

52
Q

what are some characterstics of the subphylum hexapoda

A

3 tagmata, 1 pair of anennae, 1 pair of mandibles, 1 pair maxillae, 3 pairs of walking legs

53
Q

what are mandibles and maxillae used for

A

mandibles used for crushin, maxillae for chewing

54
Q

what are the two classes of subphylum hexapoda

A

entognatha (inner mouth + wingless) and insecta (visible mouth, winged or wingless)

55
Q

what is a chracteristic all insecta share

A

ectognathous mouthpart

56
Q

what separates neoptera from paleoptera

A

wings fold back over body for neoptera

57
Q

The study by Chin et al. was conducted where

A

stony creek watershed bordering yukon and northwest territories

58
Q

The study by Chin et al. collected macroinvertebrates how?

A

3 minute travelling kick and sweep

59
Q

T or F: The study by Chin et al. found that richness had a lot of variance

A

F

60
Q

T or F: The study by Chin et al. found a negative relationship between abundance and TSS

A

T

61
Q

T or F: The study by Chin et al. found a positive relationship between bundance and TP

A

F

62
Q

T or F: The study by Chin et al. found a positive relationship ebtween abundance and distance to disturbance

A

T

63
Q

T or F: The study by Chin et al. found that thaw slumps increase TSS, TN and TP

A

T

64
Q

T or F: The study by Chin et al. found that thaw sumps have a significant impact on diversity

A

F

65
Q

T or F: The study by Chin et al. found that thaw slumps increase abundance

A

F

BI488- Invertebrate Conservation (10 decks)

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