Week 2

Question 1

What are Independent Variables?

Answer 1

(X) variables that you can change or manipulate and also called factors and there are 2 or more

Question 2

What are Dependent Variables?

Answer 2

(Y) What you measure

Question 3

What is Attribute Variable?

Answer 3

Cannot be manipulated such as gender, age,

Question 4

What is Active Variable?

Answer 4

Things you can manipulate (control group)

Question 5

What is Repeated Factor?

Answer 5

Same people are measured at all levels

Question 6

What is Independent Factor?

Answer 6

Different groups of people at each level

Question 7

What are the levels of measurements?

Answer 7

1. Ratio
2. Interval
3. Ordinal
4. Nominal

Question 8

What is Ratio?

Answer 8

Number represent units with equal intervals. There is a true 0. ex) distance, age, time, and weight

Question 9

What is Interval?

Answer 9

Numbers have equal intervals but there is no true 0. ex) Calendar year, Degrees Celcius or Farenhiet

Question 10

What is Ordinal?

Answer 10

Numbers indicate rank order ex) manual muscle test, pain, funciton

Question 11

What is Nominal?

Answer 11

Numerals are categorical based ex) gender, blood type, diagnosis

Question 12

What are Factorial Designs?

Answer 12

allow researchers to look at how multiple factors affect a dependent variable, both independently and together

Question 13

What is a Construct?

Answer 13

Abstractions not observable

Question 14

What is the Operational Definition?

Answer 14

converting a construct to a measurable variable

Question 15

What is a univariate design?

Answer 15

Only 1 dependent variable

Question 16

What is a multivariate design?

Answer 16

more than 1 dependent variable

Question 17

What are types of reliability tests?

Answer 17

1. Test Retest
2. Interrater
3. Intrarater
4. Internal Consistency
5. Alternate Forms
6. Split Half

Question 18

What is Test Retest?

Answer 18

used to establish that an instrument/tool is capable of measuring a variable consistently

Question 19

What is Inter rater Reliability?

Answer 19

Variations between 2 or more raters who measure the same group

Question 20

What is Intra Rater Reliability?

Answer 20

Scores should match when the sam examiner tests the same subjects on two or more occasions

Question 21

What is Alternate/Parallel Forms?

Answer 21

To see if 2 versions of the same instrument are equivalent

Question 22

What is Internal Consistency?

Answer 22

Often used to construct scales/Questionaires

Question 23

What is Split Half Reliability?

Answer 23

Takes all questions and divides them in halves

Question 24

What is the Modern Approach for Quantifying Reliability?

Answer 24

1. Intra Correlation Coefficients

2. Kappa

Question 25

What are Intra Correlation Coefficients?

Answer 25

for continuous scales scores

Question 26

What are Kappa used for?

Answer 26

for categorical scale scores

Question 27

SEM?

Answer 27

The absolute measure of reliability

Question 28

Responsiveness

Answer 28

The ability of an instrument to detect minimal change over time

Question 29

What is MDC?

Answer 29

the ability of an instrument to detect change beyond measurement error

Question 30

What is MCIB?

Answer 30

the ability of an instrument to detect minimally important change

Question 31

What are types of measurement validity?

Answer 31

1. Face Validity 2. Content Validity 3. Criterion Validity 4. Concurrent Validity 5. Predictive Validity 6. Construct Validity

Question 32

What is Face Validity?

Answer 32

Indicates that the instrument is measuring what its suppose too; the lowest form of measurement validity

Question 33

What is Content Validity?

Answer 33

Indicates that the items that make up an instrument adequately sample the universe of content that defines the variable being measured. Most useful in questionnaires and inventories

Question 34

What is Criterion Validity?

Answer 34

Indicates that the outcomes of one instrument, the target test, can be used as substitute measure for an established reference standard criterion test "Gold Standard"

Question 35

What is Concurrent Validity?

Answer 35

Establishes validity when two measurements are taken relatively at the same time

Question 36

What is predictive Validity?

Answer 36

Establishes that the outcome of the target test can be predicted a future criterion score

Question 37

What is Construct Validity?

Answer 37

Establishes the ability of an instrument to measure an abstract construct and the degree to which the instrument reflects the theoretical components of the construct