Week 2

Question 1

Biopsychosocial model

Answer 1

disability - both impacted by physical and social factors

Question 2

Biopsychosocial model - medical

Answer 2

physical features; requires medical attention

Question 3

Biopsychosocial model - social

Answer 3

created by an unaccomodating physical environment; requires political response

Question 4

Biopsychosocial model - body function and structures

Answer 4

functional and structural integrity vs impairment

Question 5

Biopsychosocial model - activities

Answer 5

list of acts the person is involved in; objective

Question 6

Biopsychosocial model - participation

Answer 6

the quality and extent of effort exerted in activities

Question 7

Biopsychosocial model - environmental factors

Answer 7

facilitators and barriers/hindrances; both emotional and physical

Question 8

Biopsychosocial model - personal factors

Answer 8

demographics; gender, age, religion, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, motivation, mental health

Question 9

Intrinsic factors for speech production & comprehension

Answer 9

Learning the language
brain functioning; processing speed and access
motivation and attention
hearing
env noise
literal vs non-literal
world knowledge

Question 10

Extrinsic factors for speech production and comprehension

Answer 10

Understanding gesture, body language
Exposure to the language
Social context

Question 11

S&W - input pathway

Answer 11

Physical soundwave exists in the environment
Peripheral auditory processing - ear detects the sound
Speech/Non-Speech discrimination determines if the sound is linguistic (language independant)
Phonological recognition - speech sound is recognised as part of a known language
Phonetic discrimination (offline system) - processes unusual speech sounds (accents, dialects), identifies what the ‘correct’ sound should be according to dialect

Question 12

S&W - representation

Answer 12

Phonological representation - entire words are stored according to how they sound (starting, ending with same sound, rhyming, syllable structure, vowels etc)
Semantic representation stores words and their meaning; organised by meaning
Motor program - information on articulation; motor instructions required for speech muscles to produce necessary sounds

Question 13

S&W - output

Answer 13

Motor programming (offline system) - allows for copying of unknown words; can’t access semantic representation, programs articulary movements for new/nonsense words
Motor planning - paralinguistic features; how the word is said in terms of volume, rate, etc.
Motor execution - speech muscles are activated and the word is articulated

Question 14

Levelt’s model (1989) - conceptualiser

Answer 14

Preverbal - develops message
Intention to communicate
Self-monitor (auditory and understanding)

Question 15

Levelt’s model (1989) - formulator

Answer 15

Translates conceptual to linguistic
Intention to communicate
Self-monitoring

Question 16

Levelt’s model (1989) - Encoding

Answer 16

divided into grammatical and phonological

Question 17

Levelt’s model (1989) - grammatical encoding

Answer 17

Accesses lemmas and builds syntactic structure

Question 18

Levelt’s model (1989) - phonological encoding

Answer 18

Builds/retrieves articulatory plan for each lemma

Question 19

Levelt’s model (1989) - articulation

Answer 19

Exectuting the articulatory plan

Sensorimotor integration