Week 2

Question 1

Functional Traits:

Answer 1

Relates to how a product works
eg) a bicycle bell functions as a safety device by making the user’s presence known

Question 2

Non-functional traits:

Answer 2

HOW WELL IT DOES: QUALITY (how well a product fulfil its purpose for the intended user) and RESILIENCE of a product
eg) durability of bike tires

Question 3

Design objectives: Products and services are:

Answer 3

Costumer needs, preferences, and perceptions
eg) a fancy toaster that will not burn toast (perfect)

Question 4

Design objectives: Technology

Answer 4

Reliability, performance, and cost
eg) environmentally friendly aircraft engine that can withstand bird strikes

Question 5

Design Objectives: Visual and sensory

Answer 5

Aesthetics, smell, and taste
eg) a bike helmet that looks solid, safe, and durable

Question 6

What defines firms limitations and boundaries (must be met for the solutions to be feasible and acceptable)

Answer 6

Design constraints

Question 7

Neglecting constraints may lead to:

Answer 7

• Impractical designs
• Designs that cannot be implemented
• Dangerous designs

Question 8

• Physical restrictions
• Laws of nature
• Technical limitations
• Project specific resources (budget)
• Legal standards
  Are examples of

Answer 8

Constraints

Question 9

Assumptions are:

Answer 9

Beliefs or views that designers hold about:
- Their users, context of use, user goals
- Starting points for design decisions

Question 10

Assumptions are based on the designers

Answer 10

Past experience, industry knowledge, personal intuition and biases.

Question 11

-Provides an initial foundation for designers to move forward
- Encourages scientific approach (hypotheses and testing)
- Inspires alternate and creative solutions

Answer 11

Assumptions

Question 12

Dangers of assumptions:

Answer 12

• Can mislead designers (eg. treating an invalid assumption as a fact)
• Designing for the wrong user.
• Adding unwarranted assumed to be essential (waste time, complicated design, fails to solve intended problem)

Question 13

Give an example of all assumptions must be validated or challenged (you shouldn’t blindly accept assumptions, rethink it!):

Answer 13

Assumption: “Stronger materials always make a better bridge.”
Validation: Testing shows that strength improves durability. ✅
Challenge: What if a lighter, flexible material performs better in earthquakes? 🤔