week 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

social character

A

The way people adapt to each other

Social character is social, meaning that it is shared with others.
Social character are individual characteristics that result from adoption and internalization of culture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

conformity

A

Conformity is the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to group norms, politics or being like-minded

Conformiteit: Dit is de neiging van individuen om hun meningen, attitudes en gedragingen aan te passen aan die van een groep. Het kan zowel expliciet als impliciet zijn en is een belangrijk onderwerp in sociale psychologie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Tradition-oriented mode of conformity

A
  • In first stage – no rapid changes
    – Social order is stable (people work on the farms all day and there is almost no division of labor)
    – Rigid social character –> innovation is not needed, only survival
    – High degree of conformity
    – Group membership = natural and plausible (mensen worden niet gezien als individuen)
    – Small range of choice (Je kan niet worden wat je wil want er zijn maar een select aantal taken)
    – You can compare this to a molecule at low temperature metaphor (there is no movement, molecules donot move) – mechanical solidarity, everyone is happy with how things are.
    – Resembles Tönnies’ Gemeinschaft –> Mechanical solidarity wehre everyone occupies the same position so everyne feels the same about each other
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Inner-oriented mode of conformity

A

– High birth rates – low death rates: Pressure on tradition
– Need for changes in social organization (Er zijn meer mensen maar er is minder werk dus mensen kunnen ook andere dingen doen dan de basiszakenuit het systeem)
–> Increased personal mobility – people start leaving countrysides and move somewhere else
–> Increased production – more cows, more pigs, more people who need someone to take care of them,more houses
–> Imperialism / colonization – people need to move out and go to other countries
–> Increased choices – since they started moving to cities
– Need for new mode of conformity –
* Enabling innovation

  • ‘Inner’ – oriented (strong system of values)
    – Not: Focused on the ego
    – But: Inner core of values instilled early on in life
    – Individual choice is possible
    – Control of others is loosened (people are less controlled outside of the family network or a limited environment as before in the villages)
    – The individual controls him/herself! –> You can take a person out of the system and they will still have their values
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The other/directed mode of conformity

A

The third stage
* Abundance psychology
– Luxury consumption (Veblen – conspicuous consumption) → people buy stuff to show off their wealth
* Flexibility increases – the range of choices too..
* Mediatization
* Child- rearing practices relax considerably….
– Peer-group becomes more important!! – socializing effort. (Mensen geven meer om wat anderen denken. Denk aan likes en comments op social media)

The other/directed mode of conformity
Other-directed persons
* Pay close attention to signals by others
* Peer groups, acquaintances, mass media…
* No inner gyroscope
* Wants to be loved, no matter what….
* Other people are the primary source of
guidance
* High degree of conformity to others
through sensitivity to others…
* Play and experimenting…. –> you don’t know what is good or bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Waardoor mixen de type mensen en op welke manieren gaan mensen daarmee om

A
  • Types are ideal types – abstractions
    – So, probably, everyone’s a little bit of all three types– Although some lean more towards one type than others…
    – Also – globalization, and age cohorts:
    Mixing of types…. (mensen worden meer geconfronteerd met elkaar)
  • Characterological struggles
    – Inner-oriented people: Resentment or rebellion towards other types
  • Within a nation
  • Within professional groups / organizations

The adjusted, the anomic,and the autonomous
* Disparities – structure of society changes more rapidly than social characters

– Adjusted: those who respond well in becoming tradition, inner or other oriented easily…
* Socio-psychological fit –the individual may make mistakes in behavior

– Anomic: (not ungoverned but) maladjusted people, incapable of conformity * Does not feel at home…

– Autonomous: capable of conforming, not willing to do so…
* Although his/ her behavior may conform, socio-psychologically this person does not fit…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

van wie zijn de modes of conformity

A

Riesman (2001)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Wat zijn de belangrijkste bevindingen van Bond and Smith (1996)

A
  • Culturele Verschillen: Bond en Smith ontdekten dat er significante verschillen in conformiteit waren op basis van culturele context. Groepen uit collectivistische culturen (zoals veel Aziatische landen) vertoonden over het algemeen hogere niveaus van conformiteit dan groepen uit individualistische culturen (zoals de Verenigde Staten en de meeste westerse landen). Dit suggereert dat collectivistische culturen meer waarde hechten aan groepsharmonie en sociale cohesie.
  • Groepsgrootte en -samenstelling: De onderzoekers vonden dat de grootte van de groep en de samenstelling (zoals het aantal meerderheidsleden) ook een rol speelden in de mate van conformiteit. Groepen met een grotere meerderheid of een meer homogene samenstelling hadden een grotere invloed op de individuele deelnemer.
  • Duurzaamheid van Conformiteit: Het artikel bespreekt ook de duurzaamheid van conformiteit, waarbij wordt opgemerkt dat individuen mogelijk tijdelijk conformeren, maar niet noodzakelijk hun persoonlijke overtuigingen permanent veranderen.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly