Week 14 - Antisocial Behaviour Flashcards
prosocial behaviour
voluntary behaviour intended to benefit others, such as by helping, sharing with, or comforting
origins of prosocial behaviour
rooted in capacity to feel empathy and sympathy - need to take perspective of others - can be done by 14 months
development of prosocial behaviour
14 mo - become distressed when seeing upset people
18-25 mo - share personal objects with adults
1-2yo - more like to comfort someone who is upset than become upset
2-3-4yo - help adult get something out of reach
3-4yo more likely to provide verbal reassurance or assistance
cooperation
driven by sense of fairness
14mo
divide prizes evenly if given to children unevenly
evolutionary factors of prosocial behaviour
argue that humans are predisposed to be prosocial because collaboration for food foraging ensures survival - 2 year olds happier when giving treats than receiving
genetic factors and prosocial behaviour
more similar empathy and prosocial behaviour in MZ twins
certain genes are associated with differences in oxytocin which is associated with prosocial behaviour
role of genetics increases with age
temperament and prosocial behaviour
ability to regulate emotion associated with empathy and sympathy
children good w emotion more likely to act prosocially
preschoolers who are very shy are less likely to intervene and help
modeling and prosocial behaviour
children imitate helping and sharing behaviour - especially with adults they have a positive relationship with
rescuers 7x more likely to report they were taught values relating to caring
opportunities for prosocial activities
providing for opportunities to engage in helpful activities increases willingness to take on prosocial tasks at a later time
students involved in community helping at 17 predicted more importance of prosocial values
forcing can backfire and reduce motivation
discpline and parenting and prosocial behaviour
constructive and supportive parenting - authoritative - associated with higher prosocial behaviour - could be prosocial children eliciting more suppirt
parental support and attachment to child - predictive
authoritarian - antisocial behaviour and lack of sympathy
the way prosocial behaivour is elicited matters
if punished for not engaging in prosocial - may believe helping others is to avoid punishment
if rewarded - may not help without reward
reasoning
maternal use of reasoning oriented toward others increases prosocial behaviour even for 1-2 year olds
peer influences and pro social behaviour
can learn and practice morals, fairness, justice, sharing, taking turns, conflict resolution - translates into prosocial behaviour
interventions and prosocial behaviour
experience in helping and cooperating with others, exposure to prosocial values, adults use of reasoning in discipline contribute to development of prosocial behaviour
positive behavioural interventions and supports PBIS
at schools - aims to reduce negative behaviour and increase positive
based on learning theory principles - reward children caught behaving well
primary prevention - aimed to everyone - posters
secondary prevention - for at risk for problem behaviour - given extra attention and monitoring
teritary intervention - for those who consistently engage in antisocial behaviours - create individualized plan