Week 13 Quiz

Question 1

What type of virus is sars-cov 2?

Answer 1

+ single stranded RNA virus

Question 2

What are the three types of viral structures?

Answer 2

Helical, icosahedral, complex

Question 3

What is another word for the protein coat?

Answer 3

Capsid

Question 4

How are enveloped viruses released?

Answer 4

Budding

Question 5

Which virus is more resistant to heat, acid, drying?

Answer 5

Non-enveloped

Question 6

What are the two types of bacteriophages?

Answer 6

Lytic and temperate (lysogenic)

Question 7

How can enveloped viruses enter a host cell?

Answer 7

Fusion or endocytosis

Question 8

True or false - viruses can contain both DNA and RNA

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Are viruses considered infectious agents or organisms?

Answer 9

Infectious agents

Question 10

What are the two classifications of viruses (based on the type of cell they infect)?

Answer 10

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic

Question 11

What is the name of the viral particle?

Answer 11

Virion

Question 12

Capsid composed of simple identical subunits called…

Answer 12

Capsomeres

Question 13

Capsid + nucleic acids

Answer 13

Nucleocapsid

Question 14

What are the five steps of the infection cycle of animal viruses?

Answer 14

Attachment, entry, synthesis, assembly, release

Question 15

How must non-enveloped viruses enter the cell?

Answer 15

Endocytosis

Question 16

What is it called when nuclei acid separates from protein coat?

Answer 16

Uncoating

Question 17

Where do RNA viruses replicate?

Answer 17

Cytoplasm

Question 18

What enzyme is required in RNA virus replication?

Answer 18

Replicase

Question 19

Which strand of RNA can also serve as mRNA?

Answer 19

+ssRNA

Question 20

Which strand of RNA is complement to mRNA?

Answer 20

-ssRNA

Question 21

What enzyme allows DNA to be made from RNA?

Answer 21

Transcriptase

Question 22

What happens if cell is infected with two strains?

Answer 22

Re-assortment

Question 23

How are non-enveloped viruses released?

Answer 23

When host cell dies, often by apoptosis

Question 24

Which infection lasts the life of the host?

Answer 24

Latent

Question 25

In tumors, what stimulates cell growth and division?

Answer 25

Proto-oncogenes

Question 26

Name of viruses that can cause cancer in humans

Answer 26

Oncoviruses

Question 27

Name of cancer-fighting viruses

Answer 27

Oncolytic

Question 28

RNA must be in what orientation to be translated?

Answer 28

+/sense

Question 29

What are prions made up of?

Answer 29

Only protein, no nucleic acids

Question 30

True or false - prions are resistant to heat and chemical treatments

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Which proteins protrude from surface of sars-cov 2?

Answer 31

S proteins

Question 32

What do S proteins on sars-cov 2 bind to on the host cell?

Answer 32

ACE2

Question 33

What stage of COVID-19 could a cytokine storm occur?

Answer 33

Stage 3

Question 34

What is stage 1 of covid-19?

Answer 34

Asymptomatic

Question 35

What is the term used for disease manifestations that linger after SARS -cov 2?

Answer 35

Long COVID

Question 36

What are the four coordinated response measures for COVID-19?

Answer 36

Testing, isolation, contact tracing, quarantine

Question 37

Are there any variants of high consequence in the US?

Answer 37

No

Question 38

Do vaccines induce artificial (active or passive) immunity?

Answer 38

Active

Question 39

What are added to vaccines to help induce a better response?

Answer 39

Adjuvants

Question 40

What helps vaccines maintain their effectiveness during storage?

Answer 40

Stabilizers

Question 41

How many people need to be vaccinated to have herd immunity?

Answer 41

80-90 percent

Question 42

Which vaccines are a weakened form of pathogen?

Answer 42

Attenuated

Question 43

True or false - inactivated vaccines usually require several boosters?

Answer 43

True

Question 44

Which vaccine has toxins treated to destroy toxic part, retain antigenic epitopes?

Answer 44

Toxoid

Question 45

Which vaccines are treated with formalin and contain killed microorganisms or inactivated viruses?

Answer 45

Inactivated whole agent vaccines

Question 46

Which vaccines consist of key protein antigens or antigenic fragments from pathogen?

Answer 46

Subunit

Question 47

Subunit vaccines produced using genetically engineered microorganisms

Answer 47

Recombinant subunit

Question 48

Vaccines containing empty capsids produced by genetically engineered organisms

Answer 48

VLP (virus-like particle)

Question 49

Vaccines containing polysaccharides from capsules

Answer 49

Polysaccharide

Question 50

Which vaccines teach the body how to make proteins in order to trigger an immune response?

Answer 50

mRNA