Week 13 : Bystander Effect

Question 1

How is out of hospital CPR affected?

Answer 1

• Health inequalities
• bystander CPR
• distributed public access of defibrillators
• deprived areas with a greater pop of residents from minority backgrounds

Question 2

What is the bystander affect?

Answer 2

Individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim when there are other passive people present

Question 3

What are the 5 things that may affect bystanders?

Answer 3

• emergencies involving threat or harm or actual harm
• emergencies that are unusual or rare
• type of actions required in an emergency differs from situation
• Emergencies cannot be predicted or expected
• emergencies require immediate action

Question 4

What is the cognitive and behavioural process that bystanders go through?

Answer 4

• notice something is going on
• interpret situation as emergency
• degree of responsibility is felt
• form of assistance required
• implement the action choice

Question 5

What is the degree of responsibility based on?

Answer 5

• whether or not the bystander feels the person is deserving of help
• the competence of the bystander
• the relationship between the bystander and the victim

Question 6

What are the two categories of forms of assistance ?

Answer 6

Direct intervention- directly assessing the victim
Detour intervention- reporting to the authorities

Question 7

Why are the psychological processes that might prevent a bystander from helping?

Answer 7

• diffusion of responsibility
• social inhibition
• pluralistic ignorance

Question 8

What are the three main ideas of diffusion of responsibility?

Answer 8

• the belief that another onlooker from the group will intervene
• the blame for not stepping in to help can be shared by the group and not rest solely on one person
• the moral obligation falls on the whole group and not just one person

Question 9

What is the Halo Effect?

Answer 9

A trait of a person or thing is used to make the overall judgement of that person ( positive bias towards someone)

Question 10

What is the horn effect?

Answer 10

Negative bias towards someone overshadows his virtues

Question 11

What is the reverse Halo Effect?

Answer 11

When positive bias towards somebody generate suspicion

Question 12

What is bullying?

Answer 12

• repeated
• hurtful
• one sided
• on purpose