Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Repro > Week 11.1 - Breast disease > Flashcards

Week 11.1 - Breast disease Flashcards

1
Q

How would pain present in breast disease?

A
  • Non-cyclical

- Focal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How would a malignant lump present in breast disease?

A
  • Hard
  • Craggy
  • Fixed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give 3 differential diagnoses for palpable masses

A
  • Invasive carcinomas
  • Cysts
  • Fibroadenoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most common benign palpable mass?

A

-Fibroadenoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give 2 differential diagnoses for milky discharge

A
  • Pituitary adenoma

- OCP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Give 3 differential diagnoses for bloody/serous nipple discharge

A
  • Benign lesion eg papilloma
  • Duct ectasia
  • Malignancy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why are mammographic abnormalities easier to detect in older people?

A

-High adipose content in breasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does calcification suggest on a mammograph?

A
  • DCIS

- benign mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is polyethelia?

A

-Additional nipple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is acute mastitis?

A

-Inflammatory condition of the breast from Infection from staph. aureus during lactation due to nipple cracks as can track up the lactiferous duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is fat necrosis?

A

-Inflammatory condition of the breast which presents as a mass of skin changes as a history of trauma or surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is fibrocystic change?

A
  • The most common breast lesion which presents as a mass or on mammograph
  • Histology shows cyst formation, fibrosis and apocrine metaplasia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

State 3 benign epithelial lesions of the breast

A
  • Fibrocystic change
  • Stromal tumour eg fibroadenoma or phyllodes
  • Gynacomastia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name 2 benign stromal tumours

A
  • Fibroadenoma

- Phyllodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe how fibroadenoma would be on presentation

A
  • Highly mobile mass (breast mouse)
  • Well circumscribed
  • Can be multiple, bilateral and large
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In what age group does phyllodes most oftn occur?

A

-Over 40 years

17
Q

Describe the behaviour of malignant phyllodes

A
  • Aggressive
  • Recur
  • Metastasise by blood
18
Q

What is the histiological difference between phyllodes and fibroadenoma?

A

-Phyllodes withh have more atypical stroma

19
Q

When excising phyllodes, what is the difference between that and fibroadenoma? why?

A

-Wide excision margin as can recur

20
Q

What is gynaecomastia? In who does it most often occur?

A
  • Enlargement of the male breast due to decreased androgens or increased oestrogens
  • Young or elderly
21
Q

give 3 causes of gynaecomastia

A
  • Liver disease
  • Klinefelters
  • Testicular tumour
22
Q

What is the most common type of breast malignancy?

A

-Adenocarcinoma

23
Q

Describe some riskfactors for breast malignancy

A
  • Uninteruppted menses
  • Early menarche
  • Late menapause
  • Obesity
  • OCP/HRT
24
Q

What is mean by in situ carcinoma?

A

-Neoplastic cells are limited to ducts and lobules by BM and thus cannot metastasise

25
What is distinctive about DCIS histiologically?
-Central comedo necrosis
26
What is pagets disease of the breast?
- DCIS which has extended up to the nipple skin as does not have to cross BM to get here - Red crusting nipple
27
How does DCIS most often present?
-Mammographihc calcification
28
By the time a breast malignancy is palpable, what % have mets?
-50%
29
Where does invasive carcinoma commonly metastasise first?
-Axillary LNs
30
What is the cause of peau d'orange?
-Blockage of the lymphatics causing odematous breast -> Hair follicles are firmly attched to dermis and pull down
31
What are the two types of invasive carcinoma? Which is most common?
- IDC-No special type (most common) | - Invasive lobular carcinoma
32
How does invasive lobular carcinoma look histologically?
-Discohesive single file infiltrating cells
33
How does breast cancer commonly metastasise?
- Using lymphatics | - (distant mets usually by bloodstream)
34
Where does breast malignancy commonly metastasise?
-ipsilateral LNs, bone, lung, liver, brain
35
Describe the triple approach to investigation and diagnosis
- Clinical history and examination - Radiographic imaging - FNA
36
Describe breast cancer screening
- 47-73 - 2 view mammograms every 3 years - Aims to detect small impalpable cancers
37
When would a breast malignancy get treated with tamoxifen?
-If it was oestrogen receptor positive
38
When would a breast malignancy get treated with herceptin?
-If it was HER2 receptor positive

Repro (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions