Week 11 The Cognitive Approach Flashcards
The ______ Approach explains differences in personality as differences in the way people process information
Cognitive
What approach explains differences in personality as differences in the way people process information?
The Cognitive Approach
An early predecessor to the Cognitive approach can be found in Lewin’s Field Theory of ________
Behaviour
Who wrote: The Psychology of Personal Constructs?
George Kelly
Who created Personal Construct Theory?
George Kelly
Kelly’s Man-the-Scientist is part of what theory?
Personal Construct Theory
Kelly called the cognitive structures we use to interpret and predict events _______ _______
personal constructs
Kelly described constructs as _______ (we classify relevant objects in an either/or fashion; this/that)
bipolar
What did Kelly place as the cause of most psychological problems?
Anxiety
Cognitive-_______ units or cognitive variables are part of a complex system that links the situations we encounter with our behaviour
Affective
How we react to features of the environment depends on our _______ structures
cognitive
Each of us possesses a different set of ______ representations
mental
___-_____ are cognitive representations of ourselves that we use to organise and process self-relevant information
Self-Schemas
What are self-schemas?
They are cognitive representations of ourselves that we use to organise and process self-relevant information
can trait concepts such as independence or friendliness be apart of your self-schema?
Yes
The self-______ effect is When people are asked if a word describes a celebrity- a question that also requires some thinking- they don’t recall the words a swell as when they are asked about themselves
reference
Our behaviour is directed not only by cognitive representations of the way we think of ourselves at the moment, but also by representations of what we might _______
become
Possible _____: are cognitive representations of the kind of persona we might become someday
Selves
What are the two important functions that Possible Selves provide?
- They provide incentives for future behaviour
2. They assist us in interpreting the meaning of our behaviour and the events in our lives
- They provide incentives for future behaviour
2. They assist us in interpreting the meaning of our behaviour and the events in our lives are true of ______ ______
Possible Selves
Possible Selves are useful in predicting future _______
behaviour
Self-Discrepancy Theory Proposes __ different cognitive representations of the self
three
How many cognitive representations of self does the self-discrepancy theory propose?
3
- _____ Self: contains all the info you have about the kind of person you are
- Ideal Self: the mental image of the kind of person you would like to be
- _____ Self: the self you believe you should be
Actual; Ought