Behavioural/Social learning perspective Flashcards
_____ Behaviour: behaviour that can be observed, predicted, and eventually controlled by scientists
Overt
According to Watson, _______ was only a variant of observable behaviour
Thinking
According to Watson, _______ was the end product of our habit systems
Personality
Skinner branded his type of behaviourism as _______ Behaviourism
Radical
Major Assumption: The experiences of life change us, and they do so in ways that are ______ and _________ ways
lawful; predictable
Behaviourism Background • Ivan Pavlov: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Conditioning • Edward Thorndike: Law of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ • John Watson: Put behaviourism on the map and “Personality = \_\_\_\_\_\_ systems” B F Skinner: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Behaviourism
Classical; Effect; Habit; Radical
What is an unconditioned response?
an automatic response to a unconditioned stimulus (the dog salivating)
What is an unconditioned stimuli?
A stimuli that automatically elicits a response (The food for the dog)
What is positive reinforcement?
reinforcement where something is added to increase behaviour (money, food)
What is negative reinforcement?
When an aversive stimuli is taken away
What is extinction?
When there is no reward for a behaviour
What is punishment?
When an aversive consequence is added
The CS-CR response can be ___________
generalised
A state in which people conclude that unpleasant or aversive stimuli cannot be controlled. This is known as?
Learned Helplessness
Operant conditioning relies of the ________ principle
pleasure
Generalisation: When we generalise the conditioned response to other situations. If the generalised response is met with __________, the behaviour is likely to persist
reinforcement
__________: Knowing which behaviours will likely be rewarded and which behaviours which will not be rewarded
Discrimination
_______: Rewarding behaviour which approximates the desired behaviour to try and achieve the desired goal
Shaping
Who invented Expectancy Value Theory?
Rotter
_________ _______ Theory: Importance of beliefs about what the results of your behaviour are likely to be
Expectancy Value
Different people, given _________ conditions for learning, learn different things
identical
Some people responds predictably to __________, others less so, and some respond unpredictably
reinforcement
What are the two components from in Rotter’s formula for behavioural potential
Expectancy and Reinforcement Value
Some people see a direct and strong connection between their behaviour and the ________ and ___________ received
reward; punishment