week 11: emotion Flashcards
mood vs emotion
emotion is fleeting transient response whereas mood is long lasting
6 basics of emotions
surprise anger fear sadness disgust happiness
what is the james-lange theory?
situations determine the physiological state and the physiological state completely determines the emotion.
eg. angry situation leads to a distinctive physiological state (sweating) which leads to anger
what is the facial feedback hypothesis?
James-lange theory
pen put in the mouth to make participants frown or smile and watch tv. Participants who smiled with the pen enjoyed the tv more than the frowning participants.
what are cannons criticism of the james- lange theory of emotion?
1, autonomic responses are slow
2, cutting nerves from the viscera has no effect on emotions in rats
3, many different emotional states are linked to the same visceral responses (eg, high hr could mean scared or excited)
4, injecting adrenaline doesn’t induce the feeling of an emotion
cannon-bard theory of emotion
the situation determines the cognitive state and the physiological state independently
eg, the angry situation caused cognitive appraisal of anger and physiological state of anger which caused anger
why did cannon-bard not believe james-lange theory?
he believed that if it was true we would have particular responses only categorised by one emotion (physiological arousal)
Schachter-singer 2 factor theory
the situation determines the cognitive appraisal, which determines the emotion. the physiological arousal determines the intensity of emotion but not the type of emotion
which theory is the most prominent?
schachter-singer 2 factor theory
how the Schachter and Singer’s Experiment was conducted
participants to have a ‘multivitamin’ injection, under the pretence that they were testing for side-effects. Participants actually injected with either adrenalin or a placebo. Those given adrenalin were told to expect either: Exactly what adrenalin does to the body, itchy eyeballs,
Nothing. Those given the placebo were told nothing. participants waited with a confederate of the experimenter who either:
Acted the fool and attempted to be quite humorous (euphoric situation)
Acted really rude and asked the participant to fill in an anger provoking questionnaire (anger situation)
schachter and singer experiment results
Group 3a reported “It’s as if I’m happy/angry, but it’s the effect of the injection”
Group 3b reported being very happy or very angry depending on the situation
Group 3c reported feeling quite happy or quite angry
Group 4 (placebo group) reported feeling a bit happy (not as much as 3c), or quite angry
Schachter and Singer’s Experiment concluded
emotional intensity can be influenced by our physiological arousal.
physiological arousal lets us determine the degree of the intensity of emotion
what are the limitations of the traditional/basic emotions approach?
- lack of agreement on how many emotions
- lack of specific physiology for each emotion
- difficulty localising these in the brain
what is stress?
challenges to a persons capacity to adapt to inner and outer demands
(stress causes stress)
what do stressful situations produce?
physiological and emotional arousal
cognitive and behavioural efforts to cope
