practice exam questions Flashcards
The fluid-filled cavities within the brain are called:
a. the cerebral ventricles
b. the choroid plexus
c. the basal ganglia
d. the limbic system
a. the cerebral ventricles
Yukiko’s left arm is weak after she suffered a blow to the right side of her
head during a rugby match. Which of the following best explains why this
might be so?
a. Hypothalamic function
b. Myelination
c. The corpus callosum
d. Contralateral arrangement
d. Contralateral arrangement
Which of these aphasias is characterised by good comprehension ability:
a. Conduction aphasia
b. Wernicke’s aphasia
c. Broca’s aphasia
d. (a) and (c), but not (b)
d. (a) and (c), but not (b)
REM sleep in humans is characterised by:
a. low amplitude, high frequency EEG
b. predominance of delta waves in EEG, and muscle atonia.
c. slow rolling eye movements and appearance of sleep spindles.
d. high amplitude, low frequency EEG.
a. low amplitude, high frequency EEG
Theta waves…
a. Define the transition from wake to Stage 1 sleep regarding sleep staging
b. Have a lower amplitude and frequency than delta waves
c. Cannot be seen in the waking EEG
d. Have nothing to do with sleep at all
a. Define the transition from wake to Stage 1 sleep regarding sleep staging
James sustained damage to his frontal lobes in an accident. Following the accident his behaviour is characterised by impulsivity, a lack of regard for the feelings of others, rapid changes in emotion, and socially inappropriate behaviour. James is most likely to have sustained injury to which frontal area?
a. Mediofrontal cortex
b. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
c. Orbitofrontal cortex
d. Premotor cortex
c. Orbitofrontal cortex
The Stroop task is useful in testing which of the following?
a. Working memory
b. Planning
c. Sequencing
d. Inhibition
d. Inhibition
Leo is involved in a car accident. Following the accident, he is unable to understand written or spoken speech. His own language consists of meaningless gibberish. Leo most probably sustained damage to: Broca’s area b. The parietal lobes c. The occipital lobe d. Wernicke’s area
d. Wernicke’s area
Memory for general knowledge is known as:
a. Semantic memory.
b. Short-term memory.
c. Episodic memory.
d. Encyclopaedic memory
a. Semantic memory.
The end of semester multi-choice exam is most likely to test your \_\_\_\_\_\_ memory? a. Retrieval. b. Recognition. c. Regurgitation. d. Relaxation.
b. Recognition.
Light falling on the point in the retina at which the optic nerve enters the eye:
a. Is seen only in black and white
b. Is seen in high definition due to the tight cluster of photoreceptors at this
location
c. Cannot be seen
d. Is seen in low definition due to the thin spread of photoreceptors at this
location
c. Cannot be seen
The pathway travelled by a visual signal could best be described by which of
the following:
a. Eye, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic chiasm, cortex
b. Eye, cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic chiasm
c. Eye, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, cortex
d. None of the above
c. Eye, optic chiasm, lateral geniculate nucleus, cortex
Which of the following is the best explanation of the difference between
emotion and mood?
a. Mood is very reactive and fleeting but emotions have a much longer
duration
b. We can verbalise mood but not emotion
c. Emotions are more immediate and transient when compared to mood
d. There isn’t a difference between emotion and mood
c. Emotions are more immediate and transient when compared to mood
When engaged in a conversation at a party, Sienna hears and notices her name
being spoken over the far side of the room. That this can occur gives some
support to:
a. Early selection models of attention
b. Late selection models of attention
c. No selection models of attention
d. The fact that Sienna is very popular
b. Late selection models of attention
Components such as the Central Executive, the Phonological Loop, and the
Visuospatial Sketchpad are associated with which type of memory?
a. Echoic Memory
b. Iconic Memory
c. Long Term Memory
d. Working Memory
d. Working Memory
The membrane of a neuron at rest is:
a. Polarised. The inside of the cell membrane has a relative positive electrical charge, while the fluid outside the cell membrane has a relative negative charge.
b. Depolarised. The inside of the cell membrane has a negative resting potential, while the fluid outside the cell membrane has a positive resting potential.
c. Hyperpolarised. The fluid inside the cell membrane has a positive electrical charge, while the fluid outside the cell membrane has a negative charge.
d. Full of open ion channels
b. Depolarised. The inside of the cell membrane has a negative resting potential, while the fluid outside the cell membrane has a positive resting potential.
What are the nodes of Ranvier?
a. Channels in the membrane that admit all ions freely.
b. The place where the axon leaves the cell body.
c. Places where dendrites join the cell body.
d. Small gaps in the myelin sheath.
d. Small gaps in the myelin sheath.
A group of axons travelling together in the peripheral nervous system is called a:
a. tract
b. nerve
c. nucleus
d. ganglion
b. nerve
What kind of information is carried along the dorsal roots of the spinal cord?
a. Motor information to the muscles
b. Sensory information from muscles and skin
c. Both motor and sensory information
d. Endocrine signals
c. Both motor and sensory information
“I’m sad because I cry” is a statement that best aligns with which of the following theories of emotion: a. James-Lange b. Schacter-Singer c. Cannon-Bard d. Kirk-Spock
a. James-Lange
During F-A-S verbal tests people with damage to the orbitofrontal cortex tend to _____ while individuals with damage to dorsolateral cortex tend to _____.
Give socially inappropriate answers; repeat answers
What is a common conceptualization of executive function?
Hot and cold
What does the concept hot and cold mean
Hot: with emotion, cold: without
An epilepsy patient has a portion of the hippocampus removed, they will most likely show (personality change, inability to perceive distance, loss of dexterity or none)
none
Some patients with Wernicke’s aphasia can _____ but not _____.
Can generate speech but not comprehend it
Which theory suggests that emotion-inducing stimuli first illicit bodily response then emotional responses?
James-Lange Theory
A patient with aphasia was reported to make a number of semantic paraphasia’s. Which of the following language mistakes is this patient likely to make?
A. Using the word ‘how’ instead of ‘cow’
B. Using the word ‘house’ instead of ‘apple’
C. Using the word ‘sweep’ instead of ‘brush’
D. Using an entirely new word created by the substitution of a phoneme
C. Using the word ‘sweep’ instead of ‘brush’
The auditory representations of language are localised in the left ________, in __________, and the motor representations of such words are localised in the left_________, in__________. The missing phrases, in order, are:
A. temporal cortex; Wernicke’s area; frontal cortex; Boca’s area
B. frontal cortex; Boca’s area; temporal cortex; Wernicke’s area
C. frontal cortex; Wernicke’s area; temporal cortex; Boca’s area
D. temporal cortex; Boca’s area; frontal cortex; Wernicke’s area
A. temporal cortex; Wernicke’s area; frontal cortex; Boca’s area
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ theory argues that emotion-inducing stimuli simultaneously elicit both an emotional experience and bodily responses. A. Emotional hierarchy B. Schachter-Singer C. James-Lange D. Cannon-Bard
D. Cannon-Bard
Jasmine has very poor insight into her language disorder. Which of the following disorders is she likely to have? A. Boca’s aphasia B. Wernicke’s aphasia C. Production aphasia D. Conduction aphasia
B. Wernicke’s aphasia
The image on the left shows a coup injury which is the site of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ impact, whereas the image onthe right shows a contrecoup injury which is the site of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ impact. A. secondary; primary B. primary; secondary C. chronic; acute D. acute; chronic
B. primary; secondary
Amelia suffered a haemorrhagic stroke. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her stroke?
A. a ruptured aneurysm
B. a fatty plaque that broke away from the wall of an artery
C. a thrombus
A. a ruptured aneurysm
The facial feedback hypothesis provides the best support for which of the theories of emotion? A. James-Lange B. Emotional hierarchy C. Cannon-Bard D. Schachter-Singer
A. James-Lange
Which of the following describes one of the key differences between neural and endocrine communication?
A. neural communication occurs via the synapse while endocrine communication occurs via the bloodstream
B. neural communication occurs via the bloodstream while endocrine communication occurs via the synapse
C. neural communication is more ‘long-lasting’ than endocrine communication
D. none of the above are known differences between neural and endocrine communication
A. neural communication occurs via the synapse while endocrine communication occurs via the bloodstream
auditory representations of language are localised in…
the left temporal cortex in wernicke’s area.
motor representations of words are locatised in…
the left frontal cortex in Broca’s area.
damage to Broca’s area symptoms
slow, effortful speech that is grammatically correct.
damage to the parietal lobes symptoms
issues with body movement and touch
damage to the parietal lobes in vision symptoms
spatial awareness
visual neglect
conduction aphasia
production of speech and comprehension is okay however, there is poor repetition.
james lange theory
bodily response preceeds emotion
cannon bard theory
emotion inducing stimulus simultaneously elicits both emotional and bodily responses.
agnosia
inability to recognise and identify objects
retrograde amnesia
impaired ability to recall past events and previously familiar information.
anterograde amnesia
impaired ability to learn new information following an onset of amnesia.
Knowing that grass is green is what type of memory
semantic
where you parked your car this morning is an example of what type of memory?
short term memory
Your memories of your first day of school is what type of memory?
episodic memory
Recalling the memory of your son drinking juice is what type of memory?
retrieval
Recalling the memory of your son drinking juice is what type of memory?
retrieval
the ability to identify information as having been encountered previously is what type of memory?
recognition
holding a person’s address in mind while listening to instructions about how to get there is an example of what type of memory?
working memory
what is late selection models of attention?
attention is given after the stimulus is processed
what is early selection models of attention?
attention is given during the process of the stimuli
