WEEK 11 Flashcards
What is physical activity?
Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure
Energy expended is a product of FITT (frequency, intensity, time, type)
What is exercise?
Physical activity that is planned & structured & often improves an area of physical fitness
What are the health benefits of exercise?
Physical activity/fitness needs to be current to maximise the effects Age is irrelevant After the diagnosis of cancer, physical activity is seen to: - increase performance - an antidepressant - increase mental health - enhance function - enhance social reintegration
What is the minimum physical activity guidelines?
ADULTS(19-64): - 30mins of moderate 5 times a week - 20 mins of vigorous 3 times a week OR a combo/accumulation of both OLDER INDIVIDUALS (>64) - strengthening - balance/coordination (less falls&more independence) CHILDREN (5-18) - 1hr of physical activity every day CHILDREN (less than 5 y.o when walking) - 3hr of physical activity per day
What is the definition of coping?
HOW a person manages the perceived discrepancy between the demands & resources appraised by the individual in stressful situations
What are the 2 types of coping? Describe them/
- PROBLEM FOCUSED
- reduce demand of situation/expand resources to deal with it.
- used when people believe their resources/demands fo the situation are changable - EMOTION FOCUSED
- control emotional response to situation
e. g. using alcohol or drugs, emotional support from friends, distraction
- used when people feel they can do nothing to change the situation
What types of stress are (i) women (ii) men (iii) high income/education individuals more likely to follow?
(i) Emotion focused
(ii) Problem focused
(iii) Problem focused
What 3 things are disadvantaged individuals more inclined to experience?
More stress
Less control over events
Less effective coping
What are some resources used for coping? (HINT: there’s 8)
money health sense of control personality beliefs & attitudes become informed exercise social support
How is coping assessed?
By questionnaires or rating scales
- ways of coping checklist
- COPE
COPE:
- what individuals DO & FEEL when they experience stressful events
- coping strategies/responses incorporated into 13 scales (e.g. active coping, seeking emotional social support etc)
- measures situational/dispositional coping
- values of responses reflect the individuals coping strategy/style
What implications can coping have within medical care?
How patients cope with their symptoms/illness can markedly affect their health outcome
What are the 4 terms used to explain peoples ways of coping with an illness?
NORMALISING - interpret symptoms as normal experience DENIAL - denies the existence of symptoms RESIGNATION - become consumed by illness ACCOMODATION - acknowledges, deals with problem
What is the recommended weakly limit of units of alcohol for (i) men and (ii) women?
(i) no more than 14 units
(ii) no more than 14 units
What is the recommended daily limit of units of alcohol for both males and females?
There is no daily limit!!!
What is a unit of alcohol?
10 ml of pure alcohol
How are units of alcohol calculated?
1 litre of x% strength drinks will have x units of alcohol
In 2010, the WHA passed resolution WHA 63.13 that endorsed the global strategy to reduce the harmful use of alcohol. What is its aims? (HINT: there’s 2)
- To give guidance for action at ALL levels
2. Portfolio of policy options & measures at the national level
What impacts does a large consumption of alcohol have on health?
BRAIN: - impaired development - Wernicke-Korakoff Syndome (vision changes, ataxia, impaired memory) PSYCHOLOGICAL: - cravings, irritability, antisociality, depression, anxiety, panic, psychosis, hallucination, delusions, sleep disorders MOUTH, TRACHEA & OESOPHAGUS: - cancer BLOOD - anaemia HEART - alcohol cardio myopathy LIVER: - cirrhosis - hepatitis STOMACH - chronic gastritis PANCREAS - pancreatitis PERIPHERAL TISSUES - increased risk of type 2 diabetes
