UPPER LIMB ANATOMY

Question 1

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for PECTORALIS MAJOR.

Answer 1

(i) CLAVICULAR Head: Anterior surface of medial half of clavicle

STERNOCOSTAL Head: Ant surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

(ii) lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
(iii) Adducts & medially rotates humerus; draws scapula anteriorly & inferiorly

Acting alone, clavicular head flexes humerus & sternocostal head extends it from flexed position.

(iv) Lat & medial pectoral nerves

Question 2

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for PECTORALIS MINOR.

Answer 2

(i) Ribs 3, 4, 5 near their costal cartilages
(ii) Medial border & superior surface of coracoid process of scapula
(iii) Stabilises scapula by drawing it inferiorly & anteriorly against thoracic wall
(iv) Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

Question 3

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for SERRATUS ANTERIOR.

Answer 3

(i) External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st – 8th ribs
(ii) Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
(iii) Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; laterally rotates scapula
(iv) Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

Question 4

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for TRAPEZIUS.

Answer 4

(i) Medial third of superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance; nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7 – T12 vertebrae
(ii) Lateral 1/3 clavicle; acromion & spine of scapula
(iii) Descending part elevates; ascending part depresses; and middle part (or all parts together) retracts scapula; descending and ascending parts act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly
(iv) Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) (motor fibres) and C3, C4 spinal nerves (pain and proprioceptive fibres)

Question 5

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for LATISSIMUS DORSI.

Answer 5

(i) Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 or 4 ribs.
(ii) Floor of intertubecular sulcus of humerus
(iii) Adducts, extends & medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing.
(iv) Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)

Question 6

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for LEVATOR SCAPUALE.

Answer 6

(i) Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 – C4 vertebrae
(ii) Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine
(iii) Elevates scapula & rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
(iv) Dorsal scapular (C4, C5) & cervical (C3, C4) nerves.

Question 7

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for RHOMBOID MAJOR.

Answer 7

(i) Spinous processes of T2 - 5
(ii) Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
(iii) Retracts scapula & rotates glenoid cavity inferiorly; fixes scapula to thoracic wall
(iv) Dorsal scapular nerve (C4,C5)

Question 8

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for RHOMBOID MINOR.

Answer 8

(i) Nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae
(ii) Smooth triangular area at medial end of scapular spine
(iii) Retracts & rotates scapula to rest
(iv) Dorsal scapular (C4, C5)

Question 9

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for DELTOID.

Answer 9

(i) Lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion & spine of scapula
(ii) Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

(iii) Clavicular (ant) part: flexes & medially rotates arm
Acromial (middle) part: abducts arm
Spinal (post) part: extends & laterally rotates arm
(iv) Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

Question 10

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for TERES MAJOR.

Answer 10

(i) Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
(ii) Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
(iii) Adducts & medially rotates arm
(iv) Lower subscapular (C5, C6)

Question 11

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for SUPRASPINATUS.

Answer 11

(i) Supraspinous fossa of scapula
(ii) Superior facet of greater tuberosity of humerus
(iii) Initiates & assists deltoid in abduction of arm & acts with rotator cuff muscles.
(iv) Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)

Question 12

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for INFRASPINATUS.

Answer 12

(i) Infraspinous fossa of scapula
(ii) Medial facet of greater tubercle of humerus
(iii) Laterally rotates arm; & acts with rotator cuff muscles
(iv) Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6)

Question 13

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for SUBSCAPULARIS.

Answer 13

(i) Subscapular fossa (most of anterior surface of scapula)
(ii) Lesser tubercle of humerus
(iii) Medially rotates arm; as part of rotator cuff, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity
(iv) Upper & lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

Question 14

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for TERES MINOR.

Answer 14

(i) Middle part of lateral border of scapula
(ii) Inferior facet of greater tubercle of huemrus
(iii) Laterally rotates arm; acts with rotator cuff muscles
(iv) Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

Question 15

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for BICEPS BRACHII.

Answer 15

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Question 16

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for CORACHOBRACHIALIS.

Answer 16

Question 17

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for BRACHIALIS.

Answer 17

Question 18

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for TRICEPS BRACHII.

Answer 18

Question 19

Give the (i) Origin (ii) Attachment (iii) Action and (iv) Innervation for.