week 10 - language - Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia Flashcards
broca’s area
anatomical definitions not completely consistent
is generally considered to make up some part of a region called “inferior frontal gyrus” (frontal lobe)
in the vast majority of individuals Broca’s area resides in the left cerebral hemisphere
font bottom
broca’s area
role
first idenitifed as playingn a potentially important role in speech production
based on case studies of patients who had damage to the area and displayed deficit in speech
broca’s area
broca’s aphasia
deficit in ability to produce language
reading and writing are also often impaired
language comprehension generally perserved
broca’s area
precise function in language production
still unclear
- not sure what language-related function is lost is cause this disruption
broca’s area
may be involved in:
muscle movements for speech
syntax
grammar
verbal working memory
(all of the above)
broca’s area
damage results in:
understanding good but finding words difficult
intelligence remains intact
wernicke’s area
some debate over location
typically considered to reside in the cortex of the left cerebral hempisphere near the junction between the temporal and parietal lobes
(bottom back)
wernicke’s area
damage results in:
first thought that damage to this region results in a deficit where patients are able to produce speech that resembles fluent language but is actually meaningless
wernicke’s aphasia
patients who suffer do things like:
use made up words
use similar sounding words
(to substitute for another)
to produce speech that makes little sense
comprehension (understanding) is also impaired
wernicke’s area
what did Wernicke propose
proposed a model for language that involved both the region he discovered and broca’s area
Wenicke-Geschwind model
suggests?
suggested that Wenicke’s area created plans for meaningful speech while Broca’s area is responsible for taking those plans and determining the movements (tongue+mouth) required to turn those plans into vocalisations
Wenicke-Geschwind model
too simplistic?
now thought to be too simplistic
language suggests that Wernicke’s area may be involved in speech production rather than just comprehension
it may not be as critical to language comprehension as once thought
—> exact role is still unclear
neuroanatomy of language
based on?
aphasia patients
neuroanatomy of language
broca’s aphasia
comprehension is relatively preserved
deficits in producing language
neuroanatomy of language
wenicke’s area
comprehension is generally impaired
produce fluent but meaningless speech
