Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS 3512 - Class 7-12 > Week 10 - Hydrocephalus > Flashcards

Week 10 - Hydrocephalus Flashcards

1
Q

what is hydrocephalus

A
  • imbalance in production and absorption of CSF =accumulation in ventricles
    = dilation of ventricles & enlargement of skull (if it occurs when young & prior to cranial suture lines closing)
    = +++CSF in brain = increased pressure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what causes hydrocephalus (4)

A
  • congenital
  • trauma
  • infection
  • tumours
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are 2 types of hydrocephalus

A
  1. communicating

2. non-communicating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is communicating hydrocephalus

A
  • impaired absorption of CSF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is non-communicating hydrocephalus

A
  • obstruction of flow of CSF thru ventricles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are S&S of hydrocephalus (8)

A
  • rapid head growth
  • bulging fontanels
  • NV
  • HA
  • blurry vision
  • changes in LOC
  • irritability
  • pupils sluggish (late)

all caused by IICP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what diagnostics are used for hydrocephalus (3)

A
  • CT
  • MRI
  • fetal US
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the goal of mngmt for hydrocephalus (2)

A
  • reduce hydrocephalus & pressure

- prevent brain damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is included in mngmt of hydrocephalus

A
  • surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what type of surgery may be done for hydrocephalus (2)

A
  • removal of obstruction (ex. tumour) –> for non-communicating
  • ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt –> for communicating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is a VP shunt

A
  • placement of a shunt that drains CSF to an extracranial compartment, usually the peritoneum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is included in pre-op care for surgery r/t hydrocephalus (7)

A
  • neurovitals & monitor for signs of IICP
  • assess head, palpate head, head circumferene daily
  • NPO prior to surgery
  • prep for diagnostic tests
  • assist w LP (ventricular tap)
  • assess for seizure activity
  • assess LOC, change in behaviors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why is LP (ventircular tap) done w hydrocephalus (2)

A
  • to relieve pressure
  • for sample

(sedation may be required)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what complications should you monitor for post-VP shunt (2)

A
  • monitor for mechanical obstructions (kinking, plugging)

- monitor for infection –> septicemia, wound infection, meningitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is a sign of mechanical obstruction of the VP shunt

A
  • rapid onset of symptom recurrence (signs of IICP)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what may be required w VP shunt

A
  • revisions
17
Q

at what point is the pt at the highest risk of infection post-hydrocephalus

A
  • within the first 1-2 months after insertion
18
Q

what is the treatment for infection of VP shunt (2)

A
  • IV or intrathecal antibiotics

- if antibiotics ineffective, shunt removed until infection clears

19
Q

if the shunt is removed d/t infection, what is used (2)

A
  • EVD –> flows by gravity into collection device

- used until CSF is sterile or runs clear

20
Q

what education is required to parents r/t VP shunt (2)

A
  • risks (infection, obstruction)

- revision is typically required more than once

21
Q

what is included in postop care for VP shunt (10)

A
  • bedrest
  • vitals
  • neurovitals
  • manage pain
  • monitor for signs of IICP (d/t shunt malfunction)
  • watch for signs of infection
  • monitor ins and outs
  • monitor BS
  • monitor for signs of peritonitits
  • monitor skin (r/o pressure ulcers d/t bedrest)
  • IV fluids
22
Q

describe pt positioning post-op VP shunt (3)

A
  • lie on opposite side of shunt
  • flat first (to avoid symptoms of too rapid fluid reduction)
  • increase HOB slowly (as per orders)
23
Q

describe pt’s diet post-op VP shunt

A
  • NPO –> diet progression
24
Q

what should you educate parents on r/t prognosis (7)

A

depends on:

  • rate that hydrocephalus develops
  • cause of hydrocephalus
  • signif of postop / later complications
  • post op survival 80%
  • 1/3 pts neurologically normal long-term
  • mortality in 1st year if it does happen
25
Q

describe general caregiver education r/t VP shunt (7)

A
  • shunt at highest risk of infection in first few months
  • S&S of infection
  • repeated/untreated infection can = signif brain damage or death
  • issue causing hydrocephally is most likely a lifetime problem that requires lifetime care and maintenance
  • shunt malfunction = decreased LOC
  • S&S of IICP
  • supportive emotional care for child & parents

NURS 3512 - Class 7-12 (49 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions