Week 10 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the end results of the RAAS system?

A
  • Vasoconstriction
  • Kidney retains more water (increased volume)
  • Activates pituitary gland to release ADH (anti diuretic hormone and acts on vasoconstriction and kidney)
  • activates adrenal gland to release aldosterone (works on kidneys to retain fluid)
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2
Q

How do ACE inhibitors work?

A

Prevents the angiotensin converting enzyme from acting to convert angiotensin I to angiotensin II

A2 acts as a vasoconstrictor and also signals the adrenal cortex to create aldosterone (both which act to increase BP)

without this BP drops.

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3
Q

How do calcium channel blockers work?

A

Block the calcium ion gated channels in vessels walls and the heart which usually increase contractility and constrict.

With these blocked the vessels dilate and Heart contractility decreases.

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4
Q

How do Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists work?

A

Blocks the receptors that angiotensin 2 binds to by acting as an antagonist, preventing vasoconstriction and the formation of aldosterone

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5
Q

How do Diuretics work?

A

signal the kidneys to release more sodium and water, reducing blood volume, reducing BP

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6
Q

How do beta blockers work?

A

Beta receptors increase heart rate and contractility and also vasoconstriction smooth muscle cells.

Beta blockers are antagonists which block these signals from transmitting

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7
Q

How to Nitrates work?

A

Nitrates are strong vasodilators, reducing resistance , reducing pre load and afterload and reducing BP

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8
Q

How to alpha blockers work?

A

alpha receptors are vasoconstrictors, alpha blockers antagonise receptor sites preventing the signal from transmitting

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