Week 1: Learning Principles

Question 1

The three major models of learning

Answer 1

Classical Conditioning, Operant Conditioning and Modelling or the Social Theory.

Question 2

Define Learning

Answer 2

The relatively permanent change in behaviour or knowledge which results from practice or experience.

Question 3

Classical Conditioning

Answer 3

When a normally neutral stimulus (footsteps), is repeatedly paired with a stimulus that normally produces some response (unconditional stimulus: food), that stimulus too comes to produce a similar response. #Ivan Pavlov dog experiment.

Question 4

Systemic Desensitisation

Answer 4

A form of Counter Conditioning that trains the client to maintain a state of relaxation in the presence of imagined or real anxiety objects or events. #A.N.T. Farm China’s dad and plane re-enactment.

Question 5

Operant Conditioning

Answer 5

Where the behaviour is modified by it’s consequences. Behaviour becomes more or less probable depending on wether the behaviour is punished or reinforced.

Question 6

Primary Reinforcer (Operant Conditioning)

Answer 6

Events that are inherently reinforcing as they satisfy biological needs. The value of such a reinforcement does not need to be learned.

Question 7

Secondary Reinforcement

Answer 7

Value of the reinforcement is learnt. #Money or Prizes.

Question 8

Modelling or Social Learning Theory

Answer 8

Learning through direct observations. Developed by Albert Bandura in the 1960s.