Week 1 Learning Outcomes Flashcards
Anatomy subdivisions
Gross
Microscopic
Regional
Developmental
Systemic anatomy
Surface anatomy
Radiographic anatomy
Gross Anatomy
the study of structures you can see with your eyes (dissection, radiology)
Microscopic Anatomy
the study of tissues and cells using a microscope, histology
Regional Anatomy
a part of gross anatomy where you study certain parts of the body separately
Developmental Anatomy
embryology studying the structure of the organism from fertilization to birth
Systemic anatomy
the study of a group of structures that work together to perform a unique body function, such as the digestive system.
Surface anatomy
gross anatomy surface features of the body are studied in relation to deeper part
Radiographic anatomy
visualizing the internal structures of the body without the use of surgery
Physiology subdivisions
Pathophysiology
Neurophysiology
Renal physiology
Cardiovascular physiology
Define Physiology
The study of how to body works often at a cellular or molecular level
Levels of human structure from simplest to the most complex
Chemical
Cellular
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
Pathophysiology
the study of structural and functional changes in tissues and organs that lead to disease
Neurophysiology
the study of the working nervous system
Renal Physiology
the study of kidney function
Cardiovascular Physiology
how the heart and blood vessels work
Define anatomical variation using examples to illustrate
Deviations in the human body that are different to another peroson.
Example: some people dont have the palmaris longus muscle in the forearm. it doesnt affect function just shows not every one is the same. most people have 24 ribs, but as many of 6% of us have 23, 26 or more
Define Homeostasis
Homeostasis is stability, its the bodies ability to regulate us while the world around us changes in temp or anything.
Human structure brief description
The 3 Homeostatic Control Mechanisms
- Receptor- A sensor that monitors the environment and responds to stimuli that cause imbalance in homeostasis
- Control centre- Determines the set point that the variable is maintained. Analyses info from receptor and determines the response
- Effector- Causes a change to reverse the situation back to normal
What is a negative feedback loop?
A negative feedback loop helps regulate health by ensuring that a reaction is appropriate and that the systems of the body are in a constant state of equilibrium, also known as homeostasis
What is a positive feedback loop?
a mechanism in which an output is enhanced in order to maintain homeostasis.
Positive feedback mechanisms are designed to push levels out of normal ranges
Example of positive feedback loop
Blot clotting or child birth
Anatomical position
-Standing up straight
-Facing forward
-Feet flat on floor and close together
-Hands by sides with palms facing forward
What is Anatomical position for?
-Frame of reference to describe anatomical terminology
-Explain where one body part is in relation to another
