Organic compounds

Question 1

4 Primary categories of organic compounds

Answer 1

-Carbohydrates
-Lipids
-Proteins
-Nucleotides and nucleic acids

Question 2

How many valence electrons does carbon have

Answer 2

4

Question 3

Why is carbon useful to form biological molecules

Answer 3

-Bonds readily to gain more valence electrons
-Carbon can form long chains branched molecules and ring
-back bone for organic molecules

Question 4

Carbon backbones carry a variety of functional groups

Answer 4

-hydroxyl
-methyl
-carboxyl
-amino
-phosphate

Question 5

Name on organic molecule that is hydrophillic

Answer 5

Carbohydrates

Question 6

What is a structural isomer

Answer 6

two or more organic compounds have the same molecular formulas but different structures

Question 7

5 Functions of carbohydrates

Answer 7

• Oxidization to make ATP
  -Cellular energy
  -Energy storage
  -Source of dietary fibre
  -Form conjugated molecules

Question 8

Hydrophobic organic molecule, composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

Answer 8

Lipids

Question 9

Carbon atoms saturated with hydrogen

Answer 9

saturated (solid)

Question 10

Contains C=C bonds without hydrogen

Answer 10

Unsaturated (oils)

Question 11

Amphiphilic meaning

Answer 11

A molecule having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions

Question 12

Peptide

Answer 12

-Polymer of 2 or more amino acids
-Named by amount of amino acids
dipeptides have 2, tripeptides have 3

Question 13

How many amino acids do oligopeptides have

Answer 13

Fewer than 10 to 15

Question 14

How many amino acids do polypeptides have

Answer 14

more than 15

Question 15

How many amino acids do proteins have

Answer 15

more than 100

Question 16

How do poly peptides get created

Answer 16

By amino acids joining together to create long protein polymers called poly peptides

Question 17

Peptide bonds

Answer 17

Bonds that connect amino acids to make a protein