Monosaccharides, Disaccharides and Polysaccharides

Question 1

Other names for carbohydrates

Answer 1

Monosaccharide or glucose

Question 2

Monosaccharide

Answer 2

-Simple sugars
-Will always have an equal number of carbon and oxygen atoms and will always have twice as many hydrogen atoms

Question 3

Major Monosaccharides

Answer 3

-Glucose
-Galactose
-Fructose

Produced by digestion of complex carbohydrates (glucose is blood sugar)

Question 4

Sugar molecule composed of 2 monosaccharides

Answer 4

Disaccharides

Question 5

Major disaccharides

Answer 5

-Sucrose
-Lactose
-Maltose

Question 6

Major disaccharide details

Answer 6

-sucrose = table sugar (glucose + fructose)
-Lactose = sugar in milk (glucose + galactose)
-Maltose = grain products (glucose + glucose)

Question 7

What is a polymer

Answer 7

Long chain of multiple monosaccharides chemically bonded together

Question 8

3 polysaccharides of human interest

Answer 8

-Glycogen
-Starch
-Cellulose

Question 9

Polysaccharide (glycogen)

Answer 9

-energy storage in animals
-made by cells of liver, muscles, brain and vagina
-produced by liver after eating (while glucose level is high) then breaks it down between meals to maintain glucose levels
-stored by muscles for energy needs
-used by uterus to nourish embryo

Question 10

Polysaccharide (starch)

Answer 10

-Energy storage in plants
-Only digestible one in the human diet

Question 11

Polysaccharide (Cellulose)

Answer 11

-Structural molecule of plant cell walls
-Fibre in the diet

Question 12

Monomer

Answer 12

The individual monosaccharides in the polymer chain