Week 1 A&P Flashcards
This is the study of the functions of body structures:
1) anatomy
2) physiology
3) endocrinology
4) histology
5) immunology
2) physiology
This is defined as a group of cells that work together to perform a particular function:
a) tissue
b) organ
c) molecules
d) compounds
e) organism
a) tissue
Using your fingers to find a pulse on your wrist is an example of:
a) auscultation
b) palpation
c) percussion
d) laparoscopy
e) electrocardiography
b) palpation
Percussion techniques can be used to detect:
a) heart beats
b) pulse rate
c) arthritis
d) fluid in the lungs
e) enlarged organs
d) fluid in the lungs
This is the sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body:
a) metabolism
b) anabolism
c) catabolism
d) auscultation
e) palpation
a) metabolism
This is the condition of equilibrium (balance) in the body’s internal environment:
a) palpation
b) metabolism
c) homeostasis
d) autopsy
e) differentiation
c) homeostasis
The composition of this body fluid, which fills the narrow spaces between cells and tissues, directly affects the proper functioning of cells:
a) lymph
b) blood plasma
c) interstitial fluid
d) intracellular fluid
e) vitreous body
c) interstitial fluid
This is the structure of a feedback system that receives output from the control centre:
a) receptor
b) stimulus
c) response
d) effector
e) efferent pathway
d) effector
This is the structure of a feedback system that provides input to the control centre:
a) receptor
b) muscle
c) response
d) effector
e) efferent pathway
a) receptor
A condition NOT regulate by a negative feedback loop would be:
a) childbirth
b) body temperature
c) blood pressure
d) heart rate
e) blood sugar
a) childbirth
Objective changes in a patients normal body function that can be directly observed or measured by a clinician are referred to as:
a) symptoms
b) disorders
c) disturbance
d) diseases
e) signs
e) signs
This plane divides the body into equal right and left halves:
a) frontal
b) midsagittal
c) transverse
d) oblique
e) coronal
b) midsagittal
This plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions:
a) frontal
b) sagittal
c) transverse
d) oblique
e) midsagittal
a) frontal
This directional term means farther from the midline:
a) medial
b) anterior
c) proximal
d) deep
e) lateral
e) lateral
This directional term means farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or farther from the origination of a structure:
a) deep
b) contralateral
c) lateral
d) cephalic
e) distal
e) distal
This directional term is the opposite of deep:
a) superficial
b) superior
c) inferior
d) distal
e) proximal
a) superficial
This directional term is the opposite of deep:
a) superficial
b) superior
c) inferior
d) distal
e) proximal
a) superficial
Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The heart is _____________ to the liver
a) inferior
b) anterior
c) contralateral
d) superior
e) superficial
d) superior
Choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. The sternum is ___________ to the heart
a) posterior
b) anterior
c) inferior
d) superior
e) lateral
b) anterior
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the functional properties of nerve cells?
a) endocrinology
b) cardiovascular physiology
c) neurophysiology
d) immunology
e) pathophysiology
c) neurophysiology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the chemical regulators in the blood?
a) endocrinology
b) cardiovascular physiology
c) neurophysiology
d) immunology
e) pathophysiology
a) endocrinology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of functions of the kidneys?
a) exercise physiology
b) renal physiology
c) neurophysiology
d) immunology
e) pathophysiology
b) renal physiology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of changes in organ functions due to muscular activity?
a) exercise physiology
b) renal physiology
c) neurophysiology
d) immunology
e) pathophysiology
a) exercise physiology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of functional changes associated with disease and ageing?
a) exercise physiology
b) renal physiology
c) pathophysiology
d) cardiovascular physiology
e) immunology
c) pathophysiology
Which subspecialty of physiology deals with the study of the body’s defends against disease causing agents?
a) exercise physiology
b) renal physiology
c) pathophysiology
d) cardiovascular physiology
e) immunology
e) immunology
Which subspecialty of anatomy deals with the study of structural changes associated with disease?
a) embryology
b) developmental biology
c) radiographic anatomy
d) pathological anatomy
e) immunology
d) pathological anatomy
Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the groin?
a) pelvic
b) umbilical
c) sternal
d) otic
e) inguinal
e) inguinal
Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the front of the elbow?
a) olecranal
b) antecubital
c) carpal
d) digital
e) antebrachial
b) antecubital
Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the ear?
a) otic
b) orbital
c) ocular
d) oral
e) occipital
a) otic
Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the body region between the anus and the external genitals?
a) gluteal
b) crural
c) lumbar
d) perineal
e) inguinal
d) perineal
Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the great toe?
a) pollex
b) tarsal
c) hallux
d) pedal
e) carpal
c) hallux
Which of the following anatomical terms refers to the thumb?
a) pollex
b) tarsal
c) hallux
d) volar
e) carpal
a) pollex
Feeling the presence if a mosquito biting your arm is an example of:
a) growth
b) movement
c) responsiveness
d) reproduction
e) differentiation
c) responsiveness
During a visit to your doctor, you complain about headache and nausea. These changes in your body functions are considered to be:
a) signs
b) symptoms
c) pharmacology
d) controlled condition
e) epidemiology
b) symptoms
An embryonic stem cell undergoes ____________ to become a neuron:
a) catabolism
b) growth
c) reproduction
d) anabolism
e) differentiation
e) differentiation
Which of the following describes a body process that is controlled using a positive feedback loop?
a) increasing body temperature in response to a drop in body temperature
b) decreasing body temperature in response to elevated body temperature
c) decreasing blood (glucose) in response to elevated blood (glucose)
d) increasing strength of uterine contractions in response to cervical starch
e) decreasing heart rate in response to elevated blood pressure
d) increasing strength of uterine contractions in response to cervical stretch
Which of the following organs contains the control centre for the feedback system that regulates blood pressure
a) skin
b) arteries
c) brain
d) heart
e) pituitary gland
c) brain
Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of a negative feedback system?
a) regulates conditions in body that remain fairly stable over long periods
b) important in maintaining homeostasis
c) involves control centres in the nervous or endocrine systems
d) stimulates changes that reverse the direction of the stimulus
e) usually requires an event outside the feedback system to shut it off
e) usually requires an event outside the feedback system to shut it off
Which of the following represents the largest and most complex level of structural organisation in the human body?
a) chemical level
b) cellular level
c) tissue level
d) organ level
e) organismal level
e) organismal level
Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic types of tissues found in the human body?
a) epithelial tissue
b) connective tissue
c) muscular tissues
d) necrotic tissue
e) nervous tissue
d) necrotic tissue
Which of the following correctly list the levels of structural organisation in the human body from largest to smallest?
a) chemical - cellular - tissue - organ - organ system - organism
b) cellular - chemical - tissue - organ - organ system - organism
c) organism - organ system - organ - tissue - cellular - chemical
d) organ - organ system - organism - tissue - cellular - chemical
e) tissue - cellular - organ - organ system - organism - chemical
c) organism - organ system - organ - tissue - cellular - chemical
Which of the following structures or regions could you clearly see when you are viewing the anterior side of an individual standing in the standard anatomical position?
a) shoulder blade
b) palm of the hand
c) plantar surface of foot
d) popliteal region if the knee
e) gluteal region
b) palm of the hand
