Week 4 A&P

Question 1

This is another name for the subcutaneous layer.

a) Dermis
b) Epidermis
c) Stratum corneum
d) Stratum basale
e) Hypodermis

Answer 1

e) Hypodermis

Question 2

This layer of the skin is composed of a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

a) Epidermis
b) Dermis
c) Hypodermis
d) Subcutaneous layer
e) Corpuscle

Answer 2

a) Epidermis

Question 3

Keratin

a) is a protein
b) is secreted by plasma cells to help protect the body from viruses
c) is made by melanocytes
d) is both a protein and made by melanocytes
e) all of these choices are correct

Answer 3

a) is a protein

Question 4

This pigment secreted by specialised cells in the skin is capable of absorbing ultra violet light

a) keratin
b) melanin
c) melatonin
d) carotene
e) collage

Answer 4

b) melanin

Question 5

This epidermal cell has a role in immunity and disease resistance.

a) langerhans cells
b) keratinocytes
c) melanocytes
d) merkel cells
e) podocytes

Answer 5

a) langerhans cells

Question 6

This layer of epidermis is composed of a single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes.

a) stratum basale
b) stratum spinosum
c) stratum granulosum
d) stratum lucidum
e) stratum corneum

Answer 6

a) stratum basale

Question 7

This layer of the epidermis contains layers of flattened keratinocytes that are going through apoptosis

a) stratum basale
b) stratum spinosum
c) stratum granulosum
d) stratum lucidum
e) stratum corneum

Answer 7

c) stratum granulosum

Question 8

The stratum lucidum

a) contains lamellar granules
b) lies just above the stratum basale
c) is the layer used in a skin graft
d) is present only in thick skin
e) can consist of up to 25-30 layers of dead keratinocytes

Answer 8

d) is present only in thick skin

Question 9

Constant exposure of skin to friction stimulates the formation of a callus, which is the thickening of the ________ of the epidermis.

a) stratum basale
b) stratum spinosum
c) stratum granulosum
d) stratum lucidum
e) stratum corneum

Answer 9

e) stratum corneum

Question 10

This layer of the skin is composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers.

a) hypodermis
b) basement membrane
c) epidermis
d) dermis
e) subcutaneous (subQ) layer

Answer 10

d) dermis

Question 11

Albinism is the inherited inability to produce

a) melanin
b) carotene
c) both melanin and carotene
d) keratin
e) creatinine

Answer 11

a) melanin

Question 12

Characteristics of thick skin include:

a) found in the palms, soles of the feet and fingertips
b) does not contain hair follicles
c) contains more sweat glands that thin skin
d) contain epidermal ridges
e) all of these choices are correct

Answer 12

e) all of these choices are correct

Question 13

Which of the following structures found in the skin plays an important role in thermoregulation?

a) merkel cells
b) sebaceous glands
c) sweat glands
d) nails
e) fingerprints

Answer 13

c) sweat glands

Question 14

Which of the following structures found in the skin help prevent water loss and inhibit bacterial growth on the surface of the skin?

a) arrector pili
b) lunula
c) sweat glands
d) hair follicles
e) oil glands

Answer 14

e) oil glands

Question 15

This is fine non pigmented hair that covers the body of the fetus.

a) alopecia
b) vellus
c) lanugo
d) papilla
e) lunula

Answer 15

c) lanugo

Question 16

This type of exocrine gland is simple, branched acinar gland connected to a hair follicle.

a) sebaceous gland
b) sudoriferous gland
c) both sebaceous gland and sudoriferous gland
d) none of these answers are correct

Answer 16

a) sebaceous gland

Question 17

This is a mixture of triglycerides, cholesterol, proteins and inorganic salts.

a) sweat
b) lanugo
c) vellus
d) sebum
e) mucus

Answer 17

d) sebum

Question 18

This type of exocrine gland is simple, coiled tubular gland that is found throughout almost the entirety of the skin.

a) sebaceous gland
b) eccrine sweat gland
c) apocrine sweat gland
d) ceruminous gland
e) none of these answer choices are correct

Answer 18

b) eccrine sweat gland

Question 19

In this type of scar, the scar tissue extends beyond the boundary of the injury into normal tissue.

a) hypertrophic scar
b) keloid scar
c) proliferative scar
d) inhibitory scar
e) granuloma

Answer 19

b) keloid scar

Question 20

Which of the following terms refers to an inflammation of the skin characterised by patches of redness, blistering, and extreme itching?

a) papule
b) laceration
c) keratosis
d) frostbite
e) eczema

Answer 20

e) eczema

Question 21

Which of the following terms refers to a Hardened and thickened area of skin resulting from persistent pressure and friction?

a) callus
b) blister
c) wart
d) papule
e) fever blister

Answer 21

a) callus

Question 22

Which of the following terms refers to reddened, elevated, and itchy patches of skin commonly caused by emotional stress, physical trauma, or certain food allergies?

a) wart
b) hives
c) papule
d) cyst
e) eczema

Answer 22

b) hives

Question 23

You stepped on a nail. List the sequential layers (or strata) of the epidermis that the nail penetrated through to finally reach the dermis.

a) basale, spinosum, granulosom, corneum
b) granulosum, spinosum, lucidum, corneum, basale
c) corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
d) corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
e) corneum, granulosum, lucidum, spinulosum, basale

Answer 23

c) corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Question 24

Which of the following skin disorders involves inflammation of sebaceous glands caused by bacteria which thrive in the lipid-rich sebum?

a) alopecia
b) acne
c) vitiligo
d) pressure ulcer
e) eczema

Answer 24

b) acne

Question 25

“Goose bumps” are caused by

a) contraction of arrector pili muscles
b) secretions from the sudoriferous glands
c) contraction of dermal papillae
d) stimulation of hair root plexus
e) secretions from the sebaceous gland

Answer 25

a) contraction of arrector pili muscles

Question 26

The hair root plexus functions to:

a) support the growing hair
b) cause the hair shaft to become erect
c) stimulate sweat secretion
d) give rise to the hair matrix
e) assist hair in touch perception

Answer 26

e) assist hair in touch perception

Question 27

Which of the following chemicals does NOT contribute to the color of human skin?

a) carotene
b) hemoglobin
c) pheomelanin
d) eumelanin
e) melatonin

Answer 27

e) melatonin

Question 28

Which of the following best describes events that lead to the tanning of skin that occurs after exposure of the skin to the sun’s UV radiation?

a) UV radiation stimulates increased numbers of melanocytes in the skin
b) UV radiation stimulates increased numbers of keratinocytes in the skin
c) UV radiation stimulates increased production of melanin by melanosomes
d) UV radiation inactivates tyrosinase activity in melanocytes
e) UV radiation stimulates increased production of carotenes by keratinocytes

Answer 28

c) UV radiation stimulates increased production of melanin by melanosomes.

Question 29

Which of the following is a common characteristic of thin skin?

a) hairless
b) contains a stratum lucidum
c) high density of sensory receptors
d) presence of sebaceous glands
e) contains epidermal ridges

Answer 29

d) presence of sebaceous glands

Question 30

When a person’s body becomes too warm, how does the integumentary system work with other body systems to maintain homeostasis?

a) Increased secretion of perspiration helps cool the body
b) fewer waste products are secreted in sweat, so the kidneys work harder
c) blood vessels in the skin constrict and increase blood flow to the core
d) too little vitamin D is made, resulting in rickets
e) infections increase because the skin becomes more permeable.

Answer 30

a) increased secretion of perspiration helps cool the body.