Week 1 Flashcards
What is Human-Computer Interaction?
Man-Machine Interaction
Computer-Human Interaction
Definition of HCI?
Human-Computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them
What fields does HCI cover?
Computer Science Psychology Communication Education Anthropology Design
Good HCI relies on?
Known design solutions
User feedback
When in the development process should HCI be considered?
Through the development process
User interfaces hard to get right?
People are unpredictable
Intuition of designers often wrong
Needs for Elderly?
Touch Screens
Larger fonts
Louder sounds
Goals for Children?
Educational Acceleration
Socialization with peers
Psychological - improve self-image, self-confidence
Creativity - art, music, exploration
Teenagers?
Requires safety They: * Like exploring * Don't mind making mistakes * Like familiar characters and repetition * Don't like patronizing comments
Users with Disabilities?
Vision (Text to speech)
Hearing (Conversion of tones to visual signals)
Mobility (eye-gaze control, head-mounted optical mice)
Keyboard, mouse, color alternatives
Field of Anthropometry?
Basic data about human dimensions
Is no average user
Measures of what is 5-95% for weight, height, gender, culture.
You need to find a balance between?
Design and technology
Human-centered approaches and CS approaches
Human?
The end user of a program
The others they work or communicate with
Computer?
The machine the program runs on
Split between the clients and servers
Interaction?
User tells the computer what they want
Computer communicates results
Who creates UIs?
Graphic designers Interaction Interface designers Information Architects Technical Writers Marketers Program Managers
How to Design and Build Good UIs?
Iterative development process Usability goals User-centered design Design discovery Rapid prototyping Evaluation Programming
User-Centered design “Know Thy User”?
Cognitive Abilities
Organizational / Educational Job Abilities
Keep Users Involved
Cognitive Abilities?
Perception
Physical Manipulation
Memory
Keep users involved throughout?
Developers working with target customers
Think of the world in user’s terms
Fact of Life #1?
We don’t read pages. We scan them.
Why do people scan pages?
We’re usually in a hurry
We know we don’t need to read everything
We’re good at it
Fact of Life #2?
We don’t make optimal choices. We satisfice!
Scan and pick the best option
Whys satisfice?
We’re in a hurry
There’s not much of a penalty for guessing wrong
Weighting options may not improve our chances
Guessing is more fun
Fact of Life #3?
We don’t figure out how things work. We muddle through?
FoL #3 Why?
It’s not important to us
If we find something that works, we stick to it.
Mandel’s Golden Rules?
Place Users in Control
Reduce Users’ Memory Load
Make the Interface Consistent
Place Users in Control?
Use models judiciously (modeless)
Allow users to use either the keyboard or mouse (flexible)
Allow users to change focus (interruptible)
Display descriptive messages and text (helpful)
Reduce User’s Memory Load?
Relieve short-term memory (remember)
Rely on recognition, not recall (recognition)
Provide visual cues (inform)
Provide defaults, undo, and redo (forgiving)
Provide interface shortcuts (frequency)
Make the Interface?
Consistent Sustain the context of users’ tasks (continuity)
Maintain consistency within and across products (experience)
Keep interaction results the same (expectations)
