Week 1-4

Question 1

Simple Hypothesis

Answer 1

• Expresses predicated relationship
• 1 independent & 1 dependent variable

Question 2

Complex Hypothesis

Answer 2

• Predicted relationship
• 2+ independent & 2+ dependent variables

Question 3

Directional Hypothesis

Answer 3

Predicts direction of relationship

Question 4

Non-Directional Hypothesis

Answer 4

Predicts existence of relationship

Question 5

Research Hypothesis

Answer 5

Prediction of a relationship

Question 6

Statistical/Null Hypothesis

Answer 6

Absence of a relationship

Question 7

Data Collection Methods

Answer 7

• Biological/physiological
• Observational
• Questionnaires/surveys
• Records or available data
• Interviews (qualitative)

Question 8

Data Collection Use

Answer 8

• Success of study depends on quality of data-collection methods used
• Many studies use multi-method approaches

Question 9

Minimal Risk Research

Answer 9

Possible harms to participants not greater than everyday life

Question 10

Above Minimal Risk Research

Answer 10

Possible harms to participants greater than everyday life

Question 11

Physical Risk

Answer 11

• Harm through bodily contact
• Substance administration

Question 12

Psychological/Emotional Harm

Answer 12

Feelings of embarrassment, discomfort, anxiety

Question 13

Ethical Principles

Answer 13

1. Respect for persons
2. Beneficence
3. Justice

Question 14

Vulnerable Participants

Answer 14

• Children
• Inmates
• Cognitively challenged
• Economically disadvantaged
• Educationally disadvantaged

Question 15

Tri-Council Policy Statement

Answer 15

• Established in 1998
• Ethical conduct for conducting research on humans

Question 16

Abstract Section

Answer 16

• Key points
• Quick review

Question 17

Methods Section

Answer 17

• Who
• What
• Where
• When it took place
• How data was collected
• Approaches to analysis

Question 18

Results Section

Answer 18

• Declaration of themes
• Quotes

Question 19

Discussion Section

Answer 19

• Interpret findings
• Link to previous literature
• Compare
• Recommendations for future research
• Nursing implications

Question 20

Primary Source

Answer 20

Authors who conducted study/developed theory

Question 21

Secondary Source

Answer 21

Author didn’t conduct study/develop theory

Question 22

Peer Reviewed

Answer 22

• Panel of internal & external reviewers
• Blind
• Critically appraised according to criteria

Question 23

Grey Literature

Answer 23

Not peer reviewed

Question 24

Independent Variable

Answer 24

• Presumed effect on dependent variable
• Manipulated/not manipulated

Question 25

Dependent Variable

Answer 25

• Presumed effect varies with change of independent variable
• Not manipulated

Question 26

PICOT Framework

Answer 26

• Population
• Intervention
• Comparison
• Outcome
• Time

Question 27

Ontology

Answer 27

• What can be said to exist
• Study of being

Question 28

Epistemology

Answer 28

• How do we know what we know
• Etic vs emic perspective

Question 29

Theoretical Framework

Answer 29

• A structure of concepts, theories, or both
• Based on a philosophical or theorized belief or understanding of why the phenomenon under study exists

Question 30

Conceptual Framework

Answer 30

A structure of concepts, theories or both that used to construct a map for the study (review or qualitative)

Question 31

Model

Answer 31

A symbolic representation of a set of concepts that is created to depict relationships (multiple concepts)

Question 32

Operational

Answer 32

Specifies how the concept will be measured: that is, what instruments will be used to capture the essence of the variable