Week 1-4 Flashcards
Simple Hypothesis
- Expresses predicated relationship
- 1 independent & 1 dependent variable
Complex Hypothesis
- Predicted relationship
- 2+ independent & 2+ dependent variables
Directional Hypothesis
Predicts direction of relationship
Non-Directional Hypothesis
Predicts existence of relationship
Research Hypothesis
Prediction of a relationship
Statistical/Null Hypothesis
Absence of a relationship
Data Collection Methods
- Biological/physiological
- Observational
- Questionnaires/surveys
- Records or available data
- Interviews (qualitative)
Data Collection Use
- Success of study depends on quality of data-collection methods used
- Many studies use multi-method approaches
Minimal Risk Research
Possible harms to participants not greater than everyday life
Above Minimal Risk Research
Possible harms to participants greater than everyday life
Physical Risk
- Harm through bodily contact
- Substance administration
Psychological/Emotional Harm
Feelings of embarrassment, discomfort, anxiety
Ethical Principles
- Respect for persons
- Beneficence
- Justice
Vulnerable Participants
- Children
- Inmates
- Cognitively challenged
- Economically disadvantaged
- Educationally disadvantaged
Tri-Council Policy Statement
- Established in 1998
- Ethical conduct for conducting research on humans
Abstract Section
- Key points
- Quick review
Methods Section
- Who
- What
- Where
- When it took place
- How data was collected
- Approaches to analysis
Results Section
- Declaration of themes
- Quotes
Discussion Section
- Interpret findings
- Link to previous literature
- Compare
- Recommendations for future research
- Nursing implications
Primary Source
Authors who conducted study/developed theory
Secondary Source
Author didn’t conduct study/develop theory
Peer Reviewed
- Panel of internal & external reviewers
- Blind
- Critically appraised according to criteria
Grey Literature
Not peer reviewed
Independent Variable
- Presumed effect on dependent variable
- Manipulated/not manipulated
