Qualitative Flashcards
Search Strategies
- Population
- Situation
Clues
- Discover
- Explore
- Describe
Inductive Reasoning
- Theory developing
- Start with experience details, move to general picture
Emic Perspective
Insider
When to Use
- Inadequate previous understanding
- Make sense of complex/changing phenomena
- Learn about meaning, experience
- Discover theory in data
Phenomenological
Related to lived experience
Phenomenological Data Gathering
Written or oral in-depth interview
Phenomenological Data Analysis
Synthesis of participant description, themes, patterns
Grounded Theory
Construct theory related to social process from human interaction perspective
Grounded Theory Data Gathering
- In-depth interviews
- Participant observation
Grounded Theory Data Analysis
- Simultaneously with data collection
- Uses comparative method
- Uncover key concepts & constructs
- Identify links
Ethnographic
Description & interpretation of cultural or social groups & systems
Ethnographic Data Gathering
- Participant observation
- Immersion in the setting
- Informant interviews
- Researcher interpretation of cultural patterns
Ethnographic Data Analysis
- Data collected & analyzed simultaneously
- Examine meaning of cultural values, beliefs, symbols, norms
- Examine language, semantics
Participatory Action
Exploration of, reflection on & action on social & health problems
Participatory Action Data Gathering
- Interviews
- Field observation
- Gather & review of relevant documents
- Examine relevant materials & equipment
- Literature review
Participatory Action Data Analysis
- Reflect on data gathered
- Reduce into organized concepts & ideas
- Significant experience primary unit of analysis
- Code data to reveal patterns/themes
- Key for participants to make sense of experience & use understanding to make positive change
- Ongoing evaluation of process with stakeholders
Purposive Sampling
Hand pick ‘typical’ elements using specific criteria
Snowball/Network Sampling
- Useful for hard-to-locate elements
- Participants know others with same condition
Theoretical Sampling
- Grounded theory building
- Selected based on theoretical relevance to further development of emerging categories
Credibility
- Prolonged engagement
- Persistent observation
- Peer debriefing
- Member checks
Audibility
Ability to replicate process
Fittingness
Ability to accurately describe everyday life of participants
Reflexivity
- Ongoing throughout study
- Critical self-reflection of one’s bias, preconceptions
