Week 1

Question 1

Archeological findings provide
evidence of sewage disposal and written medical
prescriptions.

Answer 1

Prior to 2000 b. c. e.: Ancient Societies

Question 2

:Perhaps the earliest written
record of public health was the Code of Hammurabi; included laws for physicians and health
practices

Answer 2

Circa 1900 b. c. e: Ancient Societies

Question 3

Bible’s Book of Leviticus written;
includes guidelines for personal cleanliness and
sanitation

Answer 3

Circa 1500 b. c. e: Ancient Societies

Question 4

Provide the History of Timeline

Answer 4

Ancient Societies (before
500 b.c.e.), the Classical Cultures (500 b.c.e.–500 c.e.), the Middle Ages (500–1500 c.e.), and
the period of Renaissance and Exploration (1500–1700 c.e.)

Question 5

: Evidence that Greek
men participated in games of strength and skill and
swam in public facilities

Answer 5

Fifth and sixth centuries b. c. e.: Classical Cultures

Question 6

They are involved in practice of community sanitation; involved in obtaining water from
sources far away and not just local wells

Answer 6

Greeks; Classical Culture

Question 7

were community minded; improved
on community sanitation of Greeks; built aqueducts to transport water from miles away; built
sewer systems; created regulation for building
construction, refuse removal, and street cleaning
and repair; created hospitals as infirmaries for
slaves.

Answer 7

Romans; Classical Culture

Question 8

created hospitals as benevolent charitable organizations

Answer 8

Christians; Classical Culture

Question 9

In 476 CE this Empire fell and most public health
activities ceased.

Answer 9

Roman; ClassicalCulture

Question 10

Early Civilization Eras (2)

Answer 10

1; Ancient Society 2; Classical Culture

Question 11

Growing revulsion for
Roman materialism and a growth of spirituality;
health problems were considered to have both spiritual causes and spiritual solutions, a time referred to as the spiritual era of public health.

Answer 11

500–1000 c. e. (Dark Ages): Middle Ages

Question 12

Failure to take into account the role of the physical and
biological environment in the causation of communicable diseases resulted in many unrelenting epidemics
in which millions suffered and died.

Which era?

Answer 12

Middle Ages

Question 13

Deadliest epidemics in Middle Ages

Answer 13

Plague (Black Death)

Question 14

Black Death Severity

Answer 14

killed 25 million; half of population of London lost and in some parts of France only 1 in 10
survived

Question 15

1200 c. e

Answer 15

More than 19,000 Leper Cases; Middle Ages

Question 16

What are the other epidemics of middle age period?

Answer 16

Smallpox, diphtheria,
measles, influenza, tuberculosis, anthrax, and
trachoma

Question 17

What epidemic was last epidemic of
the middle age period.

Answer 17

Syphilis

Question 18

What period?

Belief that disease was caused by environmental,
not spiritual, factors; for example, the term malaria,
meaning bad air, is a direct reference to humid or
swampy air.

Answer 18

Renaissance

Question 19

Rebirth of thinking about the nature of world and
humankind.

Answer 19

Renaissance

Question 20

What period?

observations
led to first recognition of whooping cough, typhus,
scarlet fever, and malaria as distinct and separate
diseases

Answer 20

Renaissance

Question 21

He published the Observations on
the Bills of Mortality, which was the beginning of vital
statistics

Answer 21

John Graunt

Question 22

What period?

Explorers, conquerors, and merchants and their crews
spread disease to colonists and indigenous people
throughout the New World.

Answer 22

Renaissance

Question 23

When did the Modern era of public
health began?

Answer 23

1850

Question 24

was characterized by industrial growth.

Answer 24

eighteenth century

Question 25

Epidemics continued to be a problem in what century outbreaks in major cities in both Europe and America?

Answer 25

19th century

Question 26

another cholera epidemic struck London. Dr. John Snow studied the epidemic and hypothesized that the disease was being caused by the drinking water from the Broad Street pump.

Answer 26

1854

Question 27

another cholera epidemic struck London. Dr. ______ studied the epidemic and hypothesized that the disease was being caused by the drinking water from the _______.

Answer 27

John Snow; Broad Street pump

Question 28

John Snow "microorganisms can cause disease" T or F

Answer 28

T

Question 29

The predominant theory of contagious disease at the time of John Snow

Answer 29

“miasmas theory

Question 30

How did John Snow resolved the epidemic?

Answer 30

Removing of pump handle

Question 31

Vapors or miasma as the source of contagious diseases

Answer 31

Miasmas Theory

Question 32

Who drew up the drew up a health report for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts

Answer 32

United States in 1850, Lemuel Shattuck

Question 33

Shattuck’s report is such that 1850 is a key date in American public health; it marks the beginning of the __________

Answer 33

modern era of public health.

Question 34

understanding of the causes of many communicable diseases occurred during the

Answer 34

last third of the nineteenth century.

Question 35

Idea that living organisms could arise from inorganic or nonliving matter

Answer 35

Spontaneous generation

Question 36

Louis Pasteur of France proposed his______

Answer 36

Germ theory of disease

Question 37

First U.S. census

Answer 37

1790

Question 38

Yellow fever epidemic in Philadelphia.

Answer 38

1793

Question 39

Dr. Edward Jenner successfully demonstrated smallpox vaccination

Answer 39

1796

Question 40

Marine Hospital Service (forerunner to U.S. Public Health Service) was formed

Answer 40

1798

Question 41

Several of America’s largest cities, including Boston, Philadelphia, New York, and Baltimore, had municipal boards of health.

Answer 41

1799

Question 42

U.S. government’s approach to health was

Answer 42

laissez faire (i.e., noninterference).

Question 43

First visiting nurse in United States

Answer 43

1813

Question 44

who developed the criteria and procedures necessary to establish that a particular microbe, and no other, causes a particular disease. His first demonstration, with the anthrax bacillus

Answer 44

German scientist Robert Koch

Question 45

Between 1877 and the end of the century, the identity of numerous bacterial disease agents was established, including those that caused gonorrhea, typhoid fever, leprosy, tuberculosis, cholera, diphtheria, tetanus, pneumonia, plague, and dysentery. This period (1875–1900) has come to be known as the

Answer 45

bacteriological period of public health.

Question 46

pasteurization of milk was introduced

Answer 46

1890

Question 47

True or False? As the twentieth century began, life expectancy was still more than 50 years.

Answer 47

FALSE : less than

Question 48

What are the The leading causes of death in 20th Century?

Answer 48

communicable diseases

Question 49

Reed announced that yellow fever was transmitted by

Answer 49

mosquitos; 1900

Question 50

Much growth and development took place during the 60-year period from 1900 to 1960. Because of the growth of health care facilities and providers, this period of time is referred to as the

Answer 50

Health resources development period

Question 51

health resources development period can be further divided into

Answer 51

Reform phase (1900–1920), the 1920s, the Great Depression and World War II, and the postwar years.

Question 52

During the first 20 years of the twentieth century is also known as

Answer 52

reform phase of public health

Question 53

In 1906 the plight of the immigrants working in the meat packing industry was graphically depicted by Upton Sinclair in his book

Answer 53

The Jungle

Question 54

Sinclair in his book The Jungle. Sinclair’s goal was to draw attention to unsafe working conditions. What he achieved was greater governmental regulation of the food industry through the passage of the

Answer 54

Pure Food and Drugs Act of 1906.

Question 55

In 1909 it was noted that “[i]ll health is perhaps the most constant of the attendants of ______

Answer 55

POVERTY

Question 56

characterized by social movements to improve health conditions in cities and in the workplace

Answer 56

Reform phase of public health

Question 57

1917, the United States ranked______ of 16 “progressive” nations in _____ death rate

Answer 57

fourteenth; maternal death rate

Question 58

the relationship between occupation and disease had been pointed out ____ years earlier in Europe

Answer 58

200 years

Question 59

first International Congress on Occupational Diseases was held in Chicago

Answer 59

1910

Question 60

New York passed a tentative ________ , and over the next 10 years most other states passed similar laws

Answer 60

Workman’s Compensation Act

Question 61

U.S. Bureau of Mines was created and the first clinic for occupational diseases was established in New York at _________

Answer 61

Cornell Medical College

Question 62

By _____ , the movement for healthier conditions in the workplace was well established.

Answer 62

1910

Question 63

By _____ , the movement for healthier conditions in the workplace was well established.

Answer 63

1910

Question 64

The first school nursing program was begun in ______ in 1902

Answer 64

New York City