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NRSG 126 > week 1 > Flashcards

week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three life stages of the older adult

A

young old
middle old
old old

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2
Q

What classifies as Young old

A

approx 65-74

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3
Q

What classifies as middle old

A

ages 75-84

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4
Q

what classifies as the old old

A

over age 85

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5
Q

what is a nosocomial infection

A

health care associated infection

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6
Q

what are the modes of transmission that a disease can spread by

A

direct contact
indirect contact
droplet transmission
airborne
vehicle transmission
vector borne transmission

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7
Q

what are the three stages of the inflammatory response

A

Vascular and cellular
formation of exudates
Tissue repair

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8
Q

What is involved in the vascular stage of the inflammatory response

A

when blood vessels dilate and blood and fluid rush in changing color increasing temp and create swelling and WBC are delivered to the area to kill microorganisms and remove debris

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9
Q

what is involved in the formation of exudates

A

the accumulation of fluid dead tissue and WBC

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10
Q

what is susceptibility of a host

A

how likely someone is to contract an infection or disease which depends on their degree of resistance to that pathogen

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11
Q

which immune response significantly declines when we age

A

Cell mediated immunity

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12
Q

what are 5 factors that increase a a patients susceptibility to a pathogen

A

Age
nutritional status
stress
disease process
medical therapy

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13
Q

what infection precaution would you use for c.diff

A

contact plus

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14
Q

what infection precaution would you use for tuberculosis

A

airborne

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15
Q

what infection precaution would you use for influenza

A

Droplet precautions

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16
Q

what equipment do you need for airborne precautions

A

N95 mask only

17
Q

What equipment do you need for droplet precautions

A

Normal mask
eye protection

18
Q

what equipment do you need for contact precautions

A

normal mask
gown
gloves

19
Q

What equipment do you need for contact plus precautions

A

normal mask
gown
gloves

20
Q

what is asepsis

A

the process of trying to keep away disease producing organisms

21
Q

what are the two types of aseptic techniques

A

Medical asepsis
surgical asepsis

22
Q

what is medical asepsis and what is it also known as

A

when you try and reduce the number of microorganisms or pathogens in the environment also known as clean technique

23
Q

what is surgical asepsis and what is it also known as

A

when you completely eliminate microorganisms or pathogens in an area it is also called sterile technique

24
Q

what is routine precautions and what things does it apply to

A

practices you implement regardless of their diagnosis or presumed infectiousness whenever you come in contact with
Blood
bodily fluids
non intact skin
Mucous membranes
also includes rules on hand washing cleaning and contaminated linen and sharps

25
Q

what are the four stage of infection

A

incubation
prodromal
Illness
Convalescence

26
Q

what is happening in the incubation stage of infection

A

pathogens enter the body no symptoms present

27
Q

what is happening in the prodromal phase of infection

A

the first symptoms appear as mild or non specific and transmission may occur

28
Q

what is happening in the illness stage of infection

A

specific signs and symptoms are present

29
Q

what is happening in the convalescence stage of infection

A

acute symptoms disappear and homeostasis is restored the time till full restoration depends on the severity of the illness

30
Q

what are 3 assessment findings typical in the older adult with a UTI

A

altered mental state
falls
dehydration

31
Q

what is the leading cause of death in the older person

A

cancer

32
Q

what is the second leading cause of death in the older person

A

heart disease

33
Q

what is the most effective method a nurse can break the chain of infection

A

Wash your hands

34
Q

what are the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation

A

heat
redness
swelling
pain
immobility

NRSG 126 (11 decks)

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